Cannabis-tobacco co-users have high interest in quitting tobacco but low interest in quitting cannabis

Among 282 cannabis-tobacco co-users, quit interest for tobacco averaged 7.1/10 versus only 2.4/10 for cannabis, and half reported increasing one substance when trying to quit the other.

McClure, Erin A et al.·Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology·2019·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-02167Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2019RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=282

What This Study Found

About 80% had tried to quit tobacco vs 40% for cannabis. Quit interest was 7.07/10 for tobacco vs 2.39/10 for cannabis. When attempting tobacco cessation, 50% perceived increased cannabis use. When attempting cannabis cessation, 62% perceived increased tobacco use. This bidirectional substitution pattern complicates treatment.

Key Numbers

282 participants; 57% female; mean age 33.3; quit interest tobacco 7.07/10, cannabis 2.39/10; 80% tried quitting tobacco, 40% tried quitting cannabis; 50% increased cannabis during tobacco quit, 62% increased tobacco during cannabis quit.

How They Did This

Two online survey samples (Amazon MTurk) combined (N=282), assessing quit interest, treatment preferences, and perceived drug substitution among adult cannabis-tobacco co-users across the US.

Why This Research Matters

Co-use of cannabis and tobacco is common but rarely addressed in treatment. The finding that people substitute one for the other during quit attempts has critical implications for how cessation programs should be designed.

The Bigger Picture

The stark difference in quit motivation (high for tobacco, low for cannabis) suggests that forcing cannabis cessation on co-users seeking tobacco treatment may be counterproductive. Harm reduction approaches that address tobacco first may be more effective.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Online convenience sample (MTurk) may not represent treatment-seeking populations. Self-reported perceived substitution, not objectively measured. Cross-sectional design.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Could cannabis cessation be more effectively addressed by first achieving tobacco cessation?
  • ?Would cannabis reduction (rather than cessation) goals improve engagement?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Tobacco 7.1 vs cannabis 2.4 quit interest
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: reasonable sample size with clear findings, but online convenience sample.
Study Age:
Published in 2019.
Original Title:
Tobacco and cannabis co-use: Drug substitution, quit interest, and cessation preferences.
Published In:
Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 27(3), 265-275 (2019)
Database ID:
RTHC-02167

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Do people increase cannabis use when trying to quit tobacco?

In this survey, 50% of co-users perceived increased cannabis use when attempting tobacco cessation, suggesting a bidirectional substitution pattern.

Should co-users try to quit both at once?

The study suggests that reduction-based strategies for cannabis may be more acceptable than cessation, especially since cannabis quit interest was very low (2.4/10).

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02167·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02167

APA

McClure, Erin A; Tomko, Rachel L; Salazar, Claudia A; Akbar, Saima A; Squeglia, Lindsay M; Herrmann, Evan; Carpenter, Matthew J; Peters, Erica N. (2019). Tobacco and cannabis co-use: Drug substitution, quit interest, and cessation preferences.. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 27(3), 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000244

MLA

McClure, Erin A, et al. "Tobacco and cannabis co-use: Drug substitution, quit interest, and cessation preferences.." Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000244

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Tobacco and cannabis co-use: Drug substitution, quit interes..." RTHC-02167. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/mcclure-2019-tobacco-and-cannabis-couse

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.