Can cannabis or THC help ease opioid withdrawal symptoms?

Some evidence suggests cannabis and THC may reduce opioid withdrawal symptoms, but the therapeutic window appears narrow and results are inconsistent.

De Aquino, Joao P et al.·Drug and alcohol dependence·2022·Preliminary EvidenceSystematic Review
RTHC-03790Systematic ReviewPreliminary Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Systematic Review
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
N=5,330

What This Study Found

Of 11 studies with 5,330 participants, four observational studies found cannabis use was associated with reduced opioid withdrawal, one found worsening symptoms, and four found no association. Two RCTs showed dronabinol (synthetic THC) reduced withdrawal but also increased abuse liability and dysphoria.

Key Numbers

11 studies, 5,330 total participants (64% male). Four of nine observational studies found withdrawal alleviation; two RCTs showed THC helped but with dose-dependent side effects.

How They Did This

Systematic review searching multiple databases through July 2022 for studies examining the association between opioid withdrawal and cannabis use or THC administration.

Why This Research Matters

Six U.S. states have authorized cannabinoids as opioid substitutes, but the evidence base for this approach remains weak and contradictory.

The Bigger Picture

The mixed results highlight the complexity of using cannabinoids for opioid withdrawal, where patient characteristics and pharmacological factors create unpredictable interactions.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

High heterogeneity in how opioid withdrawal was measured and in baseline opioid type and dose across studies.

Questions This Raises

  • ?What is the optimal dosing window for THC in opioid withdrawal?
  • ?Can CBD or other cannabinoids provide withdrawal relief without the abuse liability seen with THC?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
4 of 9 observational studies linked cannabis to reduced opioid withdrawal
Evidence Grade:
Systematic review, but high heterogeneity and inconsistent findings across studies limit confidence.
Study Age:
Published in 2022 with studies searched through July 2022.
Original Title:
Alleviation of opioid withdrawal by cannabis and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol: A systematic review of observational and experimental human studies.
Published In:
Drug and alcohol dependence, 241, 109702 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-03790

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic ReviewCombines many studies into one answer
This study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Analyzes all available research on a topic using a structured method.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Did cannabis consistently reduce opioid withdrawal symptoms?

No. Results were mixed: four observational studies found an association with reduced withdrawal, one found worsening, and four found no effect.

What happened in the clinical trials with synthetic THC?

Two RCTs found dronabinol (synthetic THC) reduced opioid withdrawal symptoms, but also produced dose-dependent increases in abuse liability, dysphoria, and rapid heart rate.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03790·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03790

APA

De Aquino, Joao P; Bahji, Anees; Gómez, Oscar; Sofuoglu, Mehmet. (2022). Alleviation of opioid withdrawal by cannabis and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol: A systematic review of observational and experimental human studies.. Drug and alcohol dependence, 241, 109702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109702

MLA

De Aquino, Joao P, et al. "Alleviation of opioid withdrawal by cannabis and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol: A systematic review of observational and experimental human studies.." Drug and alcohol dependence, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109702

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Alleviation of opioid withdrawal by cannabis and delta-9-tet..." RTHC-03790. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/de-2022-alleviation-of-opioid-withdrawal

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.