Most adult-use dispensary customers reported using cannabis for pain or sleep and cutting back on other medications

Among 1,000 recreational dispensary customers in Colorado, 65% used cannabis for pain and 74% for sleep, with large majorities reporting they reduced or stopped using over-the-counter and prescription medications as a result.

Bachhuber, Marcus et al.·Journal of psychoactive drugs·2019·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-01927Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2019RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=1,000

What This Study Found

65% of adult-use customers used cannabis for pain relief, and 74% used it for sleep. Among those using cannabis for pain, 80% found it very or extremely helpful. 82% of those on OTC pain medications and 88% of those on opioids reported reducing or stopping those medications. For sleep, 84% found cannabis helpful, and 87% on OTC and 83% on prescription sleep aids reported reducing or stopping.

Key Numbers

1,000 respondents. Pain use: 65%. Sleep use: 74%. Pain effectiveness (very/extremely helpful): 80%. Reduced/stopped OTC pain meds: 82%. Reduced/stopped opioids: 88%. Sleep effectiveness: 84%. Reduced/stopped OTC sleep aids: 87%. Reduced/stopped Rx sleep aids: 83%.

How They Did This

Survey conducted at two retail cannabis stores in Colorado between August-October 2016. 1,000 adult-use only customer respondents (medical certification holders excluded). Electronic survey provided by store staff.

Why This Research Matters

This study reveals that "recreational" dispensary customers are frequently using cannabis for symptom management, particularly pain and sleep. The reported medication substitution, especially reducing opioid use, has significant public health implications.

The Bigger Picture

The blurred line between "medical" and "recreational" cannabis use suggests that adult-use markets are serving a significant medical function. The high rate of opioid reduction is particularly noteworthy in the context of the opioid crisis.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Self-reported data from dispensary customers who chose to participate, likely biasing toward positive experiences. No verification of medication changes or clinical outcomes. Cross-sectional design cannot confirm causation. Colorado population may not generalize.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Are patients who substitute cannabis for opioids actually achieving comparable pain control?
  • ?Does the availability of adult-use cannabis reduce prescription medication use at the population level?
  • ?Should adult-use markets incorporate more health information?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
88% reduced or stopped opioids
Evidence Grade:
Rated moderate because the sample size is substantial, but self-reported data from dispensary customers has significant selection bias.
Study Age:
Published in 2019 based on 2016 data from Colorado, one of the earliest adult-use markets.
Original Title:
Use of Cannabis to Relieve Pain and Promote Sleep by Customers at an Adult Use Dispensary.
Published In:
Journal of psychoactive drugs, 51(5), 400-404 (2019)
Database ID:
RTHC-01927

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Do recreational cannabis customers use it for medical reasons?

Yes. In this survey, 65% used it for pain and 74% for sleep. The distinction between recreational and medical use appears blurry in practice.

Did people actually stop taking other medications?

Self-reported data showed 88% of opioid users and 82-87% of OTC medication users reduced or stopped those medications after using cannabis. However, these reports were not clinically verified.

How effective did customers find cannabis?

80% of those using it for pain and 84% for sleep found it "very or extremely helpful," though this reflects a population that has already chosen to purchase cannabis.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-01927·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-01927

APA

Bachhuber, Marcus; Arnsten, Julia H; Wurm, Gwen. (2019). Use of Cannabis to Relieve Pain and Promote Sleep by Customers at an Adult Use Dispensary.. Journal of psychoactive drugs, 51(5), 400-404. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2019.1626953

MLA

Bachhuber, Marcus, et al. "Use of Cannabis to Relieve Pain and Promote Sleep by Customers at an Adult Use Dispensary.." Journal of psychoactive drugs, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2019.1626953

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Use of Cannabis to Relieve Pain and Promote Sleep by Custome..." RTHC-01927. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/bachhuber-2019-use-of-cannabis-to

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.