Cannabis allergy is real: lipid transfer protein Can s 3 identified as the main culprit

Up to 72% of patients reporting cannabis-related anaphylaxis tested positive for sensitization to Can s 3, a lipid transfer protein, which also increases risk of allergic reactions to plant-derived foods.

Decuyper, Ine Ilona et al.·The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice·2019·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-02005Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2019RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=120

What This Study Found

Can s 3-based diagnostic tests showed the best combination of predictive values (80% positive, 60% negative) for confirming cannabis allergy. Can s 3-positive patients had significantly more cofactor-mediated reactions and cross-reactive sensitizations to other plant lipid transfer proteins.

Key Numbers

120 cannabis allergy patients studied. 72% of those with likely anaphylaxis were Can s 3 sensitized. Can s 3-based tests: 80% positive predictive value, 60% negative predictive value. sIgE hemp: 82% sensitivity but only 32% specificity. 72% of anaphylaxis patients also had systemic reactions to plant-derived foods.

How They Did This

Clinical study of 120 patients with cannabis allergy, stratified by symptom severity, compared against 62 healthy and 189 atopic controls. Five diagnostic tests were evaluated: sIgE hemp, sIgE and basophil activation test with recombinant Can s 3, BAT with crude cannabis extract, and skin prick test with nCan s 3-rich extract.

Why This Research Matters

Cannabis allergy is an emerging concern as legalization increases exposure. Standardized diagnostic tests don't exist yet, and many clinicians are unaware the condition exists. This study identifies the most reliable testing approaches.

The Bigger Picture

As cannabis becomes more mainstream, allergic reactions will likely increase. Identifying Can s 3 as the primary allergen and establishing reliable diagnostic methods is a necessary step toward clinical guidelines that don't yet exist.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Not all cannabis allergy patients are Can s 3 positive, suggesting other allergens play a role. The study lacked standardized cannabis allergen preparations. Cross-reactivity patterns may vary by population and geographic region.

Questions This Raises

  • ?What other cannabis allergens beyond Can s 3 cause reactions?
  • ?Could cannabis processing methods affect allergenicity?
  • ?Do different cannabis strains have varying allergy risk profiles?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
72% of cannabis anaphylaxis cases linked to the allergen Can s 3
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: clinical study with appropriate controls testing multiple diagnostic methods, though not randomized.
Study Age:
Published in 2019.
Original Title:
Exploring the Diagnosis and Profile of Cannabis Allergy.
Published In:
The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice, 7(3), 983-989.e5 (2019)
Database ID:
RTHC-02005

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you really be allergic to cannabis?

Yes. This study confirmed cannabis allergy in 120 patients, with symptoms ranging from skin reactions to full anaphylaxis. The primary allergen identified is a lipid transfer protein called Can s 3.

If you're allergic to cannabis, are you also allergic to other plants?

72% of cannabis allergy patients with anaphylaxis also had allergic reactions to plant-derived foods. This is because Can s 3 belongs to a family of proteins found across many plants.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02005·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02005

APA

Decuyper, Ine Ilona; Van Gasse, Athina Ludovica; Faber, Margaretha A; Elst, Jessy; Mertens, Christel; Rihs, Hans-Peter; Hagendorens, Margo M; Sabato, Vito; Lapeere, Hilde; Bridts, Chris H; De Clerck, Luc S; Ebo, Didier Gaston. (2019). Exploring the Diagnosis and Profile of Cannabis Allergy.. The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice, 7(3), 983-989.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2018.09.017

MLA

Decuyper, Ine Ilona, et al. "Exploring the Diagnosis and Profile of Cannabis Allergy.." The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2018.09.017

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Exploring the Diagnosis and Profile of Cannabis Allergy." RTHC-02005. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/decuyper-2019-exploring-the-diagnosis-and

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.