SUD Treatment Patients Mostly Smoke Cannabis Flower but THC Content Drives Their Product Choices

Among 472 adults in substance use disorder treatment, dried flower and smoked cannabis dominated use patterns, with THC content as the primary purchase motivator, though some chose CBD products for perceived medical benefits.

Matheson, Justin et al.·Cannabis (Albuquerque·2025·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-07082Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=472

What This Study Found

89% of current cannabis users smoked dried flower for non-medical purposes. Edibles were the second most common (53%), with 11% using high-potency products like dabs. Qualitative interviews revealed THC content was the primary driver of product choices, but perceived medical benefits and harm reduction motivated CBD product use. Convenience and familiarity also influenced decisions.

Key Numbers

N = 472 survey, 22 interviews. Current users: 89% smoked flower (non-medical), 53% used edibles, 11% used dabs/concentrates. THC content was primary purchase motivator. CBD products chosen for perceived medical/harm-reduction benefits.

How They Did This

Mixed-methods study: online survey of 472 adults who self-reported accessing SUD treatment and lifetime cannabis use, plus in-depth interviews with 22 participants. Quantitative analysis described product characteristics; qualitative descriptive analysis explored reasons for product choices among current users.

Why This Research Matters

People in SUD treatment represent a high-risk population for cannabis-related harms. Understanding their product preferences and motivations can help clinicians have more informed conversations about cannabis use and tailor harm reduction advice.

The Bigger Picture

As cannabis product diversity explodes, understanding what draws high-risk users to specific products is essential. The finding that SUD treatment patients are attracted primarily to THC potency, while a subset seeks CBD for harm reduction, reflects the dual nature of cannabis in this population.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Online survey may not reach all SUD treatment patients. Self-reported product use may be imprecise. The qualitative subset (22 participants) may not capture the full range of motivations. Cross-sectional design cannot track how product choices change over time.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would providing harm reduction guidance about product potency within SUD treatment improve outcomes?
  • ?Are patients who gravitate toward CBD products at lower risk than those seeking high-THC products?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
89% of current users smoked cannabis flower
Evidence Grade:
Mixed-methods study with reasonable sample sizes for both survey and qualitative components. Moderate evidence for use patterns in this specific population.
Study Age:
Published in 2025.
Original Title:
Cannabis Use Characteristics and Reasons for Product Choices Among Patients Accessing Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study.
Published In:
Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.), 8(2), 67-84 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-07082

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Is cannabis use safe for people in addiction treatment?

This study describes patterns but does not determine safety. People in SUD treatment have higher rates of risky cannabis use. THC-seeking behavior may signal problematic patterns, while CBD-seeking may reflect harm reduction attempts.

Why are concentrates and dabs concerning?

Products like dabs deliver very high THC concentrations in a single dose. For people with substance use disorders, this rapid, intense effect may carry higher addiction and harm risks than lower-potency products.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-07082·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-07082

APA

Matheson, Justin; Saini, Harseerat; Haines-Saah, Rebecca; Sanches, Marcos; Sloan, Matthew E; Zaweel, Adam; Hassan, Ahmed; Buckley, Leslie; Porathl, Amy; MacKillop, James; Hendershot, Christian S; Kloiber, Stefan; Le Foll, Bernard. (2025). Cannabis Use Characteristics and Reasons for Product Choices Among Patients Accessing Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study.. Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.), 8(2), 67-84. https://doi.org/10.26828/cannabis/2025/000309

MLA

Matheson, Justin, et al. "Cannabis Use Characteristics and Reasons for Product Choices Among Patients Accessing Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study.." Cannabis (Albuquerque, 2025. https://doi.org/10.26828/cannabis/2025/000309

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cannabis Use Characteristics and Reasons for Product Choices..." RTHC-07082. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/matheson-2025-cannabis-use-characteristics-and

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.