Youth, parents, and providers in Ontario described barriers to reducing cannabis harms after legalization

Interviews with 88 people in Ontario revealed widespread concern about youth cannabis risks alongside normalization of use, with all groups identifying structural barriers like inaccessible services and inadequate public education.

Kourgiantakis, Toula et al.·Harm reduction journal·2024·Preliminary EvidenceQualitative Study
RTHC-05435QualitativePreliminary Evidence2024RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Qualitative Study
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
N=88

What This Study Found

Two themes emerged around perceived harms: concerns about addiction, brain development, motivation, and mental health impacts; and minimization of risks through conflicting messages, normalization, and perceptions of cannabis as less harmful than other substances. Harm reduction themes included implementation challenges and structural barriers such as unavailable services, easy cannabis access, and insufficient public education.

Key Numbers

88 participants: 31 youth, 26 parents, 31 service providers; 4 main themes identified; structural barriers included unavailable/inaccessible services, easy access to cannabis, inadequate public education, and insufficient lower-risk use guidelines

How They Did This

Community-based participatory research in partnership with Families for Addiction Recovery. Virtual semi-structured interviews with 88 participants (31 youth, 26 parents, 31 service providers) in Ontario, Canada. Data analyzed using thematic analysis.

Why This Research Matters

Five years after Canadian legalization, hearing directly from youth, parents, and service providers about what is and is not working for harm reduction provides actionable insights for policy improvement.

The Bigger Picture

Canada legalized cannabis partly to protect youth, but this study suggests the public education and harm reduction components have not kept pace with legalization, leaving youth, parents, and providers struggling to navigate the new landscape.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Participants recruited through an addiction recovery charity, potentially skewing toward those with negative experiences; Ontario-specific findings; qualitative design not generalizable; no quantitative outcome measures

Questions This Raises

  • ?What specific harm reduction messages resonate with youth versus parents?
  • ?How can provinces improve service accessibility?
  • ?Would standardized lower-risk guidelines reduce youth harms?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
88 participants across three stakeholder groups
Evidence Grade:
Qualitative study with purposive sampling through an addiction recovery organization, providing rich descriptive data but not population-representative.
Study Age:
2024 study conducted post-2018 Canadian legalization
Original Title:
Reducing the harms of cannabis use in youth post-legalization: insights from Ontario youth, parents, and service providers.
Published In:
Harm reduction journal, 21(1), 193 (2024)
Database ID:
RTHC-05435

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Uses interviews or focus groups to understand experiences in depth.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

What concerned youth, parents, and providers most about cannabis?

All groups raised concerns about addiction, brain development, impacts on motivation and concentration, and mental health effects. At the same time, they described a culture of normalization and conflicting messages that made it difficult to take cannabis risks seriously.

What barriers exist for harm reduction?

Participants identified structural barriers including unavailable and inaccessible services, easy access to cannabis for youth despite legal age restrictions, inadequate public education campaigns, and insufficient information about lower-risk cannabis use guidelines.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-05435·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-05435

APA

Kourgiantakis, Toula; Hamilton, Angie; Tait, Christine; Tekirdag Kosar, A Kumsal; Lau, Carrie K Y; McNeil, Sandra; Lee, Eunjung; Craig, Shelley; Goldstein, Abby L. (2024). Reducing the harms of cannabis use in youth post-legalization: insights from Ontario youth, parents, and service providers.. Harm reduction journal, 21(1), 193. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01112-9

MLA

Kourgiantakis, Toula, et al. "Reducing the harms of cannabis use in youth post-legalization: insights from Ontario youth, parents, and service providers.." Harm reduction journal, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01112-9

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Reducing the harms of cannabis use in youth post-legalizatio..." RTHC-05435. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/kourgiantakis-2024-reducing-the-harms-of

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.