Synthetic Cannabinoids Found Hidden in Tianeptine Products Sold at Gas Stations

An outbreak of 34 severe poisonings in New Jersey was traced to tianeptine products sold at gas stations that were secretly laced with potent synthetic cannabinoids.

Counts, Christopher J et al.·Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology·2025·Preliminary EvidenceCase Report
RTHC-06267Case ReportPreliminary Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Case Report
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
N=16

What This Study Found

Products marketed as containing tianeptine were found to contain the synthetic cannabinoids MDMB-4en-PINACA and ADB-4en-PINACA. Of 37 acute exposures, 43% required intubation and 65% were admitted to the ICU.

Key Numbers

34 unique patients over about 8 months, compared to a background rate of 0.5 tianeptine cases per year. 43% (16 patients) required intubation. 65% (24 patients) admitted to ICU.

How They Did This

Retrospective and prospective surveillance through New Jersey Poison Control. Six product samples were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Why This Research Matters

Unregulated products sold openly at gas stations and online can contain dangerous adulterants with no labeling to warn users.

The Bigger Picture

This outbreak illustrates a broader pattern in unregulated markets: products sold as one substance may contain entirely different and more dangerous compounds.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Case series without controls. Product composition varied across samples. Only two patient blood samples were tested.

Questions This Raises

  • ?How widespread is synthetic cannabinoid adulteration in unregulated consumer products?
  • ?Would regulation of tianeptine reduce these incidents?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
43% of patients required intubation; 65% admitted to ICU
Evidence Grade:
Case series documenting an outbreak; provides clinical and toxicological evidence but no controlled comparison.
Study Age:
2025 publication covering June 2023 to February 2024 cases
Original Title:
An Outbreak of Synthetic Cannabinoid-Adulterated Tianeptine Products in New Jersey - Case Series.
Published In:
Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 21(2), 253-259 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-06267

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal StudyOne case or non-human subjects
This study

Describes what happened to one person or a small group.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is tianeptine?

Tianeptine is an atypical antidepressant approved in some countries but not in the United States. It is sold in unregulated markets as a supplement, often at gas stations and online, under brand names like Neptune's Fix.

What made these cases so severe?

The products contained potent synthetic cannabinoids (MDMB-4en-PINACA and ADB-4en-PINACA) that are far more powerful than natural cannabis compounds.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-06267·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-06267

APA

Counts, Christopher J; Spadaro, Anthony V; Cerbini, Trevor A; Krotulski, Alex J; Walton, Sara E; Greller, Howard A; Nelson, Lewis S; Ruck, Bruce E; Hung, Oliver; Logan, Barry; Calello, Diane P. (2025). An Outbreak of Synthetic Cannabinoid-Adulterated Tianeptine Products in New Jersey - Case Series.. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 21(2), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-025-01068-7

MLA

Counts, Christopher J, et al. "An Outbreak of Synthetic Cannabinoid-Adulterated Tianeptine Products in New Jersey - Case Series.." Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-025-01068-7

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "An Outbreak of Synthetic Cannabinoid-Adulterated Tianeptine ..." RTHC-06267. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/counts-2025-an-outbreak-of-synthetic

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.