Pre-legalization baseline: most pediatric cannabis poisonings involved intentional use by older teens, often with other substances

At a Canadian pediatric hospital before legalization, 114 cannabis-related poisonings were identified, with the vast majority involving intentional use by 15-year-olds, 71% of whom also consumed other substances.

Cheng, Phoebe et al.·Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research·2020·Preliminary EvidenceRetrospective Cohort
RTHC-02464Retrospective CohortPreliminary Evidence2020RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Retrospective Cohort
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Of 911 total poisonings, 114 (12.5%) were cannabis-related. Most were from intentional use by teens (median age 15), with 71.1% involving cannabis with other substances. Fewer than 10 were inadvertent ingestions by young children (median age 3), all at home from family-owned cannabis. Cannabis poisonings occurred more often on weekdays.

Key Numbers

114 cannabis-related of 911 total poisonings (12.5%). Intentional use: 28.9% cannabis only, 71.1% with co-ingestions. Median age for inadvertent ingestion: 3 years. Median age for intentional use: 15 years. Most consumed via inhalation with peers.

How They Did This

Retrospective analysis of cannabis poisonings treated at BC Children's Hospital ED from 2016-2018, using the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program database. Electronic health records reviewed for additional context.

Why This Research Matters

Establishing pre-legalization baselines allows future comparisons to determine whether recreational cannabis legalization changed the pattern of pediatric cannabis exposures.

The Bigger Picture

The high rate of polysubstance involvement and the peer-group context of most adolescent cannabis poisonings suggest prevention strategies need to address broader substance use patterns, not just cannabis in isolation.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Single hospital; pre-legalization period only; relies on ED presentations which may undercount less severe cases; retrospective chart review.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Have cannabis poisoning patterns changed since Canadian legalization in October 2018?
  • ?Did edibles legalization (2019) increase inadvertent ingestions in young children?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
71% of intentional cannabis poisonings involved co-ingestion of other substances
Evidence Grade:
Single-center retrospective study providing a pre-legalization baseline; limited to ED presentations.
Study Age:
Published in 2020.
Original Title:
Setting the baseline: a description of cannabis poisonings at a Canadian pediatric hospital prior to the legalization of recreational cannabis.
Published In:
Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice, 40(5-6), 193-200 (2020)
Database ID:
RTHC-02464

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-ControlFollows or compares groups over time
This study
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Looks back at existing records to find patterns.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Did legalization change these patterns?

This study specifically established a pre-legalization baseline (2016-2018) for future comparison. The authors note that comparing pre- and post-legalization data will be important for evaluating policy impacts.

How common were accidental exposures in young children?

Fewer than 10 accidental ingestions by young children were identified over 3 years. All occurred at home and involved cannabis belonging to the child's family, suggesting safe storage is the primary prevention strategy.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02464·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02464

APA

Cheng, Phoebe; Zagaran, Atousa; Rajabali, Fahra; Turcotte, Kate; Babul, Shelina. (2020). Setting the baseline: a description of cannabis poisonings at a Canadian pediatric hospital prior to the legalization of recreational cannabis.. Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice, 40(5-6), 193-200. https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.40.5/6.08

MLA

Cheng, Phoebe, et al. "Setting the baseline: a description of cannabis poisonings at a Canadian pediatric hospital prior to the legalization of recreational cannabis.." Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, 2020. https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.40.5/6.08

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Setting the baseline: a description of cannabis poisonings a..." RTHC-02464. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/cheng-2020-setting-the-baseline-a

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.