States that list opioid use disorder as a cannabis qualifying condition had 39% more dispensaries claiming cannabis treats OUD

A JAMA study found that in states where OUD qualifies for medical cannabis, 39% more dispensaries claimed cannabis can treat OUD, 28% more suggested it as adjunctive therapy, and 14% more recommended replacing FDA-approved medications.

Shover, Chelsea L et al.·JAMA network open·2020·Strong EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-02843Cross SectionalStrong Evidence2020RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Across 167 dispensary brands in 7 states, those in states where OUD is a qualifying condition had 39% more brands claiming cannabis treats OUD (p<0.001), 28% more claiming adjunctive therapy potential (p<0.001), 14% more recommending replacing FDA-approved OUD medications (p=0.002), and 25% more suggesting cannabis as an opioid substitute for pain (p=0.002) compared to adjacent states without this policy.

Key Numbers

167 dispensary brands; 7 states; 39% more OUD treatment claims in policy states (p<0.001); 28% more adjunctive therapy claims (p<0.001); 14% more medication replacement claims (p=0.002).

How They Did This

Cross-sectional mixed-methods study of 167 medical dispensary brands in 7 states (2019), analyzing online content for claims about cannabis treating OUD. Compared 3 policy-exposed states (NJ, NY, PA) to 4 comparison states.

Why This Research Matters

Published in JAMA Network Open, this study shows that well-intentioned policies can have unintended consequences. Dispensaries marketing cannabis as OUD treatment may divert patients from evidence-based medications (methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone) that actually save lives.

The Bigger Picture

If patients with opioid use disorder choose cannabis over proven medications because dispensaries market it as treatment, this could increase overdose deaths. The lack of regulation on medical claims by dispensaries creates a public health risk.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Online content only (may not reflect in-store recommendations); cross-sectional (cannot prove policy caused marketing changes); limited to 7 states; dispensary marketing does not equal patient behavior; some claims may be accurate for pain management.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Should dispensary medical claims be regulated like pharmaceutical advertising?
  • ?Do patients with OUD actually forego evidence-based treatment based on dispensary marketing?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
39% more dispensaries claiming cannabis treats OUD in policy-exposed states
Evidence Grade:
Strong: published in JAMA Network Open with systematic methodology across 7 states.
Study Age:
Published 2020.
Original Title:
Association of State Policies Allowing Medical Cannabis for Opioid Use Disorder With Dispensary Marketing for This Indication.
Published In:
JAMA network open, 3(7), e2010001 (2020)
Database ID:
RTHC-02843

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Are dispensaries claiming cannabis can treat opioid addiction?

Yes, and more so in states that list OUD as a qualifying condition. This study found 39% more dispensaries made such claims in those states. This is concerning because FDA-approved medications for OUD (methadone, buprenorphine) have much stronger evidence.

Can cannabis actually treat opioid use disorder?

Evidence for cannabis as an OUD treatment is limited and does not support replacing FDA-approved medications. The authors warn that dispensary marketing making these claims could harm patients by diverting them from proven treatments.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02843·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02843

APA

Shover, Chelsea L; Vest, Noel A; Chen, Derek; Stueber, Amanda; Falasinnu, Titilola O; Hah, Jennifer M; Kim, Jinhee; Mackey, Ian; Weber, Kenneth A; Ziadni, Maisa; Humphreys, Keith. (2020). Association of State Policies Allowing Medical Cannabis for Opioid Use Disorder With Dispensary Marketing for This Indication.. JAMA network open, 3(7), e2010001. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10001

MLA

Shover, Chelsea L, et al. "Association of State Policies Allowing Medical Cannabis for Opioid Use Disorder With Dispensary Marketing for This Indication.." JAMA network open, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10001

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Association of State Policies Allowing Medical Cannabis for ..." RTHC-02843. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/shover-2020-association-of-state-policies

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.