Cannabis companies use corporate social responsibility strategies similar to the tobacco industry

An analysis of 9 major cannabis companies found CSR practices that encouraged consumption and targeted marginalized communities, using strategies comparable to those historically employed by the tobacco industry.

Wakefield, Tanner et al.·JAMA network open·2022·Moderate EvidenceQualitative Study
RTHC-04288QualitativeModerate Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Qualitative Study
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Nine major cannabis companies engaged in CSR activities that encouraged increased consumption and targeted marginalized communities. Companies claimed activities would mitigate prohibition harms, promote diversity, expand medical access, and support charities, but these strategies paralleled tobacco industry tactics to recruit allies and influence regulation.

Key Numbers

9 companies analyzed. 153 documents reviewed. Period: 2012-2021. CSR activities included educational programs, sustainability initiatives, voluntary marketing codes, and recruitment of public interest organizations.

How They Did This

Qualitative content analysis of CSR activities from 9 of the 10 largest publicly traded cannabis companies in the US and Canada (2012-2021). Systematic review of corporate websites and Nexis Uni yielding 153 news articles, press releases, and web pages. Modified grounded theory analysis.

Why This Research Matters

If cannabis companies are adopting the same public relations playbook as tobacco companies, understanding these strategies early may help policymakers avoid the regulatory capture that delayed tobacco control for decades.

The Bigger Picture

This study positions the cannabis industry within the broader framework of commercial determinants of health, suggesting that cannabis regulation should learn from the tobacco control experience.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Only 9 companies analyzed, all publicly traded. Qualitative assessment of intent is inherently subjective. Companies may have genuine philanthropic motivations alongside strategic ones. Published in JAMA Network Open, suggesting the framing may emphasize risks.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Are cannabis CSR strategies effectively influencing regulation?
  • ?Should cannabis companies be subject to the same CSR scrutiny as tobacco?
  • ?Can the industry develop genuinely responsible practices distinct from tobacco playbook tactics?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Cannabis CSR strategies comparable to tobacco industry tactics
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: systematic qualitative analysis published in a major journal, but inherently interpretive methodology.
Study Age:
Published in 2022.
Original Title:
Content Analysis of the Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of 9 Major Cannabis Companies in Canada and the US.
Published In:
JAMA network open, 5(8), e2228088 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-04288

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Uses interviews or focus groups to understand experiences in depth.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

What CSR activities did cannabis companies engage in?

Educational programs, sustainability initiatives, voluntary marketing codes, charitable giving, and diversity promotion. The researchers found these activities encouraged consumption and targeted marginalized communities.

How are these similar to tobacco industry tactics?

Like tobacco companies, cannabis firms developed educational programs, recruited public interest organizations as allies, created voluntary marketing codes (to forestall regulation), and used charitable activities to generate positive public relations.

What should regulators do?

The authors suggest cannabis companies should be included when addressing commercial determinants of health, implying regulation should proactively address industry influence strategies rather than waiting for negative outcomes.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-04288·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-04288

APA

Wakefield, Tanner; Glantz, Stanton A; Apollonio, Dorie E. (2022). Content Analysis of the Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of 9 Major Cannabis Companies in Canada and the US.. JAMA network open, 5(8), e2228088. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.28088

MLA

Wakefield, Tanner, et al. "Content Analysis of the Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of 9 Major Cannabis Companies in Canada and the US.." JAMA network open, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.28088

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Content Analysis of the Corporate Social Responsibility Prac..." RTHC-04288. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/wakefield-2022-content-analysis-of-the

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.