Review examines the complex overlap between cannabis use and psychosis in young people

Cannabis use increases risk for both attenuated and acute psychotic symptoms in youth, may worsen psychosis in those with underlying vulnerability, and treatment approaches that integrate substance use with psychosis care are most promising.

West, Michelle L et al.·Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America·2023·Moderate EvidenceReview
RTHC-05023ReviewModerate Evidence2023RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Review
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of psychotic symptoms (both subthreshold and full), exacerbation of psychosis in vulnerable youth, and worse outcomes in established psychotic disorders. Integrated treatment addressing both cannabis and psychosis shows the most promise.

Key Numbers

Review covers both attenuated (subthreshold) and acute psychotic symptoms. Cannabis use increases risk for psychosis onset and worsens outcomes in those with existing psychotic disorders.

How They Did This

Narrative review of research on the overlap between cannabis use and psychosis in young people, covering risk relationships, mechanisms, and treatment approaches.

Why This Research Matters

Cannabis use and psychosis onset both peak in adolescence and young adulthood. Understanding how they interact is critical for prevention and for treating the growing number of young people with co-occurring cannabis use and psychotic symptoms.

The Bigger Picture

The cannabis-psychosis relationship is one of the most well-established and clinically important findings in cannabis research. As youth cannabis use becomes normalized, the proportion of psychosis cases attributable to cannabis may increase.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Narrative review without systematic methodology. Cannot provide pooled effect estimates. Covers a broad topic with varied evidence quality across subtopics.

Questions This Raises

  • ?At what level of cannabis use does psychosis risk become clinically significant?
  • ?Can interventions targeting cannabis use in high-risk youth prevent psychosis onset?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Cannabis increases risk for both subthreshold and acute psychotic symptoms in youth
Evidence Grade:
Narrative review synthesizing a well-established body of evidence. Useful overview but without quantitative synthesis.
Study Age:
Published 2023.
Original Title:
Cannabis and Psychosis.
Published In:
Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 32(1), 69-83 (2023)
Database ID:
RTHC-05023

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Summarizes existing research on a topic.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does cannabis cause psychosis in teenagers?

Cannabis use is an established risk factor for psychosis, and the risk appears highest in young people with genetic vulnerability or early-onset heavy use. It increases the likelihood of both subthreshold psychotic experiences and full psychotic disorders, but not everyone who uses cannabis develops psychosis.

How should cannabis use and psychosis be treated together?

The review suggests that integrated treatment approaches addressing both cannabis use and psychotic symptoms simultaneously are more effective than treating them separately. This includes incorporating substance use assessment into psychosis treatment and vice versa.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-05023·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-05023

APA

West, Michelle L; Sharif, Shadi. (2023). Cannabis and Psychosis.. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 32(1), 69-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2022.07.004

MLA

West, Michelle L, et al. "Cannabis and Psychosis.." Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2022.07.004

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cannabis and Psychosis." RTHC-05023. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/west-2023-cannabis-and-psychosis

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.