1 in 3 CBD Users Take It Instead of or Alongside Conventional Medications

About 90 million US adults have tried CBD, and one-third of users have taken it as a substitute or supplement to conventional medications — most commonly replacing over-the-counter pain relievers.

Austin, Emily A C et al.·Frontiers in public health·2026·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-08095Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2026RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

35.2% of US adults (~90.8 million) have tried CBD; among users, 32% used it as a substitute or adjunct for medications, with adjunct use (24.2%) more common than substitution (11.0%); most commonly for pain, psychiatric conditions, and replacing ibuprofen/Tylenol.

Key Numbers

35.2% ever used CBD (~90.8M); 21.8% used in past 12 months; 32% used as substitute/adjunct; most replaced: ibuprofen (4.8%), Tylenol (3.9%); only 2.4% reported CBD-related health problems.

How They Did This

Nationally representative cross-sectional survey via Ipsos KnowledgePanel of 2,880 US adults (1,523 qualifying, including 1,008 CBD ever-users), weighted for national estimates, with medications coded using MedDRA and RxNav.

Why This Research Matters

Millions of Americans are making medication decisions involving CBD without adequate evidence or clinical guidance — this quantifies a major public health knowledge gap.

The Bigger Picture

The scale of self-directed CBD-medication substitution reveals a disconnect between consumer behavior and clinical evidence — people are making treatment decisions in an evidence vacuum.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Self-reported data with potential recall bias; survey doesn't capture CBD dose, product type, or quality; cannot assess whether substitution improved or worsened outcomes.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Is CBD an effective substitute for OTC pain relievers?
  • ?Are people who substitute CBD for medications achieving adequate symptom control?
  • ?What clinical guidance framework is needed?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Nationally representative probability-based survey with validated medication coding, providing reliable prevalence estimates despite self-report limitations.
Study Age:
Published in 2026 with October-November 2023 survey data, reflecting current CBD consumer behavior.
Original Title:
Self-reported use of cannabidiol as a substitute or adjunct for approved medications.
Published In:
Frontiers in public health, 14, 1720348 (2026)
Database ID:
RTHC-08095

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

How many Americans use CBD?

About 35% of US adults (roughly 90.8 million people) have tried CBD, and about 22% used it in the past year, making it one of the most widely used supplements in America.

Are people replacing their medications with CBD?

About 1 in 3 CBD users have used it to replace (11%) or supplement (24%) conventional medications, most commonly over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen and Tylenol.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-08095·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-08095

APA

Austin, Emily A C; Berghammer, Lara; Ellis, Shannon E; Appolon, Giovanni; Brooks, Jenna; Rice, Nina M; Land, Prosperity; Ping, Siyuan; Satybaldiyeva, Nora; Grant, Igor; Leas, Eric C. (2026). Self-reported use of cannabidiol as a substitute or adjunct for approved medications.. Frontiers in public health, 14, 1720348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1720348

MLA

Austin, Emily A C, et al. "Self-reported use of cannabidiol as a substitute or adjunct for approved medications.." Frontiers in public health, 2026. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1720348

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Self-reported use of cannabidiol as a substitute or adjunct ..." RTHC-08095. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/austin-2026-selfreported-use-of-cannabidiol

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.