rethinkTHC Search
Menu
Study breakdown

Scoping Review Finds Growing Evidence Linking the Endocannabinoid System to ADHD Pathophysiology

Scoping ReviewModerate evidence
The takeaway

A scoping review found emerging evidence that endocannabinoid system dysfunction may contribute to ADHD, potentially explaining both the high rates of cannabis use in ADHD populations and the popular perception that cannabis is therapeutic for the condition.

ADHD researchers, addiction psychiatrists, cannabinoid pharmacologists

Cannabis use disorder more prevalent in ADHD than general population

What the researchers found

The review identifies neurobiological overlap between endocannabinoid function and cognitive dysfunction seen in ADHD. Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder are more prevalent in individuals with ADHD compared to the general population. However, the relationship between cannabis use and ADHD symptomology remains poorly understood.

Why it matters

ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, and many patients self-medicate with cannabis. Understanding whether there is a genuine neurobiological basis for this could lead to targeted cannabinoid therapies or better risk communication.

The numbers in context

Cannabis use disorder more prevalent in ADHD than general population; neurobiological correlates identified between ECS function and ADHD cognitive dysfunction.

How the study worked

Scoping review of preclinical and clinical evidence on the relationship between the endocannabinoid system and ADHD, including studies of ECS dysfunction and cannabis use patterns in ADHD populations.

What this study cannot tell us

Scoping review maps the landscape but does not systematically assess evidence quality. Preclinical and clinical evidence is still limited. Cannot distinguish whether ADHD patients use cannabis because of ECS dysfunction or for other reasons.

How to read the evidence

Scoping review that maps an emerging field; evidence is early-stage and largely preclinical.

When this study was published

2024 publication

The bigger picture

If ECS dysfunction contributes to ADHD, it could explain both the therapeutic potential and the elevated risk of cannabis use disorder in this population. This has implications for whether cannabinoid-based treatments could be developed for ADHD.

Questions still open

  • Could ECS-targeted therapies treat ADHD without the risks associated with cannabis use?
  • Is the high rate of cannabis use in ADHD self-medication or shared vulnerability?

Common questions

Does cannabis help with ADHD?
This scoping review found emerging evidence that the endocannabinoid system may be involved in ADHD, but the evidence is too limited to support cannabis as a treatment. People with ADHD do use cannabis at higher rates, but whether this represents effective self-medication or harmful substance use remains unclear.
Why do people with ADHD use cannabis more often?
This review suggests there may be neurobiological overlap between endocannabinoid function and ADHD-related cognitive dysfunction. This could explain why some ADHD patients perceive benefit from cannabis, though it also means they may be at higher risk for cannabis use disorder.

Read the original research

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Cannabis Use, and the Endocannabinoid System: A Scoping Review.

Developmental psychobiology, 66(7), e22540

Citation

Ryan, Jennie E; Fruchtman, Mitchell; Sparr-Jaswa, Andrea; Knehans, Amy; Worster, Brooke. (2024). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Cannabis Use, and the Endocannabinoid System: A Scoping Review.. Developmental psychobiology, 66(7), e22540. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.22540

Explore the wider topic