A Traditional Thai Medicine Containing Cannabis Protected Against Stress-Induced Memory Problems in Mice

SSY treatment significantly improved learning and memory in chronically stressed mice across three behavioral tests (Y-maze, novel object recognition, Morris water maze). SSY reduced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus and frontal cortex and restored SOD and CAT antioxidant enzyme activity. The mechanism involved the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, with THC and THCA identified as bioactive compounds alongside other herbal antioxidants.

Mice were exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) to induce cognitive impairment. SSY-treated groups received the herbal formula during the stress period. Behavioral tests assessed learning and memory. Brain tissue was analyzed for oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activity. Gene expression analysis examined the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. Phytochemical analysis identified active compounds.

This bridges traditional Thai medicine with modern neuropharmacology, showing that a centuries-old cannabis-containing formula has measurable neuroprotective effects through well-characterized molecular pathways. The multi-compound formula may have advantages over isolated cannabinoids.

Traditional medicine systems worldwide have used cannabis in multi-herb formulations for centuries. Modern pharmacological validation of these traditional preparations could lead to standardized herbal medicines with evidence-based dosing and quality control.

Mouse model of chronic stress does not perfectly replicate human cognitive decline. The formula contains many active compounds, making it difficult to attribute effects to cannabis specifically. SSY is a traditional preparation that may vary in composition. Dose translation to humans is uncertain.