Mice exposed to CBD during development showed increased anxiety and widespread brain DNA changes as adults

Despite positive effects from direct CBD exposure, mice exposed to CBD during pregnancy and nursing showed increased anxiety and thousands of altered DNA methylation sites in their brains as adults.

Wanner, Nicole M et al.·Clinical epigenetics·2021·Preliminary EvidenceAnimal StudyAnimal Study
RTHC-03607Animal StudyPreliminary Evidence2021RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Animal Study
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

F1 offspring exposed to CBD during development exhibited increased anxiety and improved memory in a sex-specific manner. Thousands of differentially methylated loci were identified in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, with functional enrichment for neurogenesis, substance use phenotypes, and other psychologically relevant terms.

Key Numbers

CBD dose: 20 mg/kg daily. Exposure window: 2 weeks pre-mating through lactation. Thousands of differentially methylated loci identified in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus of offspring.

How They Did This

Female mice received 20 mg/kg CBD or vehicle daily from two weeks before mating through gestation and lactation. Adult F1 offspring underwent behavioral testing (spatial memory, anxiety/compulsive behavior) and reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing of brain tissue.

Why This Research Matters

This is the first study to examine developmental CBD exposure effects on offspring behavior and epigenetics, raising important questions about CBD use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

The Bigger Picture

With CBD products increasingly used by pregnant and nursing women, understanding how developmental exposure affects offspring brain development and behavior becomes a pressing public health question.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Animal study in mice. CBD dose (20 mg/kg) may not reflect typical human exposure. Agouti mouse model has specific genetic characteristics. Behavioral effects were sex-specific, complicating interpretation.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Do these epigenetic changes persist throughout the lifespan?
  • ?Would lower CBD doses produce similar effects?
  • ?Are there critical windows during development where CBD exposure matters most?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Thousands of brain DNA methylation changes in offspring exposed to CBD during development
Evidence Grade:
Novel animal study with rigorous epigenetic methodology, but requires human validation.
Study Age:
Published in 2021.
Original Title:
Developmental cannabidiol exposure increases anxiety and modifies genome-wide brain DNA methylation in adult female mice.
Published In:
Clinical epigenetics, 13(1), 4 (2021)
Database ID:
RTHC-03607

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal StudyOne case or non-human subjects
This study

Tests effects in animals (usually mice or rats), not humans.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does CBD during pregnancy affect offspring brain development?

In this mouse study, CBD exposure during pregnancy and nursing led to increased anxiety and widespread changes in brain DNA methylation in adult offspring.

Were the effects the same in male and female offspring?

No. The behavioral effects were sex-specific, with differences in anxiety and memory outcomes between male and female mice.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03607·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03607

APA

Wanner, Nicole M; Colwell, Mathia; Drown, Chelsea; Faulk, Christopher. (2021). Developmental cannabidiol exposure increases anxiety and modifies genome-wide brain DNA methylation in adult female mice.. Clinical epigenetics, 13(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-020-00993-4

MLA

Wanner, Nicole M, et al. "Developmental cannabidiol exposure increases anxiety and modifies genome-wide brain DNA methylation in adult female mice.." Clinical epigenetics, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-020-00993-4

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Developmental cannabidiol exposure increases anxiety and mod..." RTHC-03607. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/wanner-2021-developmental-cannabidiol-exposure-increases

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.