CBD and THC Suppressed Both Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory T Cell Responses in Lab

In an initial blinded screen at 20uM, cannabigerol, caryophyllene oxide, and gamma-terpinene reduced cytotoxicity and expression of multiple inflammatory genes. THC suppressed T cell activation and reduced IL-6 and IL-10 secretion. In dose-response experiments, CBD significantly suppressed both Treg and Th17 cell activation at 50uM, with reduced IL-6 and IL-10 secretion.

In vitro study using human PBMCs from 6 healthy donors, activated with CD3/CD28 and LPS. Cannabinoids and terpenes were coded to blind investigators. Flow cytometry measured Treg and Th17 responses. qRT-PCR measured gene expression. ELISA quantified cytokine secretion.

This is the first evidence that CBD and THC suppress both pro-inflammatory (Th17) and anti-inflammatory (Treg) immune cell responses, suggesting cannabinoids have broad immunomodulatory effects rather than simply being "anti-inflammatory."

The dual suppression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory T cells may explain why cannabinoids show complex effects in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. It also raises questions about long-term immune function in regular cannabis users.

In vitro study using isolated immune cells, which may not reflect immune responses in a whole organism. Concentrations tested (20-50uM) may not be achievable in vivo. Small number of donors (n=6). Only acute exposure tested.