Systematic Review Confirmed CBD Reduces Seizures in Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy

CBD at 20 mg/kg/day was more effective than placebo for 50%+ seizure reduction (NNT=8) and complete seizure freedom in treatment-resistant epilepsy, though it also increased adverse and serious adverse events.

Stockings, Emily et al.·Journal of neurology·2018·Strong EvidenceSystematic Review
RTHC-01844Systematic ReviewStrong Evidence2018RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Systematic Review
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

CBD 20 mg/kg/day achieved 50%+ seizure reduction more than placebo (RR 1.74, NNT=8). CBD was more effective for complete seizure freedom (RR 6.17) and quality of life improvement (RR 1.73). However, it increased risk of adverse events (RR 1.24) and serious adverse events (RR 2.55). Observational studies showed 48.5% achieving 50%+ seizure reduction.

Key Numbers

36 studies, mean age 16.1 years. NNT for 50%+ seizure reduction: 8 (CI 6-17). Complete seizure freedom RR: 6.17. QoL improvement RR: 1.73. AE RR: 1.24. SAE RR: 2.55. In observational studies: 48.5% achieved 50%+ reduction, 8.5% seizure-free.

How They Did This

Systematic review of 36 studies (6 RCTs, 30 observational) from Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO through October 2017. Mean participant age 16.1 years. Analyses in Stata 15.0.

Why This Research Matters

This systematic review provides the most comprehensive evidence base for CBD in epilepsy, quantifying both benefits and risks. The NNT of 8 for meaningful seizure reduction is clinically significant and compares favorably to many existing antiepileptic drugs.

The Bigger Picture

The evidence from RCTs and observational studies converges: CBD provides meaningful seizure reduction for a substantial proportion of patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy. The higher rate of serious adverse events warrants monitoring but does not outweigh benefits in this severe population.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Most RCT evidence was from pediatric populations with rare, severe epilepsy syndromes (Dravet, Lennox-Gastaut). Limited data on other epilepsy types and adult populations. Observational studies may overestimate effectiveness.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Will CBD prove effective for common adult epilepsy syndromes?
  • ?What is the optimal dosing for different seizure types?
  • ?Can the adverse event profile be improved with different formulations or gradual dose titration?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
NNT of 8 for 50%+ seizure reduction means roughly 1 in 8 treatment-resistant epilepsy patients achieves meaningful benefit from CBD.
Evidence Grade:
Strong - systematic review including 6 RCTs with quantitative synthesis, though most evidence comes from specific pediatric syndromes.
Study Age:
Published in 2018. CBD (Epidiolex) has since been FDA-approved for these indications.
Original Title:
Evidence for cannabis and cannabinoids for epilepsy: a systematic review of controlled and observational evidence.
Published In:
Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 89(7), 741-753 (2018)
Database ID:
RTHC-01844

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic ReviewCombines many studies into one answer
This study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Analyzes all available research on a topic using a structured method.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

How effective is CBD for seizures?

This systematic review found that CBD at 20 mg/kg/day helped about 1 in 8 treatment-resistant epilepsy patients achieve 50% or greater seizure reduction. About 8.5% became completely seizure-free. These are meaningful results for a population where multiple other drugs have failed.

What are the risks of CBD for epilepsy?

CBD increased adverse events (mostly mild/moderate) and serious adverse events (RR 2.55) compared to placebo. However, the benefits for treatment-resistant patients generally outweigh these risks, especially when multiple other medications have failed.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-01844·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-01844

APA

Stockings, Emily; Zagic, Dino; Campbell, Gabrielle; Weier, Megan; Hall, Wayne D; Nielsen, Suzanne; Herkes, Geoffrey K; Farrell, Michael; Degenhardt, Louisa. (2018). Evidence for cannabis and cannabinoids for epilepsy: a systematic review of controlled and observational evidence.. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 89(7), 741-753. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-317168

MLA

Stockings, Emily, et al. "Evidence for cannabis and cannabinoids for epilepsy: a systematic review of controlled and observational evidence.." Journal of neurology, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-317168

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Evidence for cannabis and cannabinoids for epilepsy: a syste..." RTHC-01844. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/stockings-2018-evidence-for-cannabis-and

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.