Most endometriosis patients using cannabis obtained it illicitly despite legal access

Among 237 endometriosis patients using cannabis in Australia and New Zealand, 72-88% obtained it illicitly, with many reporting over 50% reduction in pain medication use.

Sinclair, Justin et al.·Cannabis and cannabinoid research·2022·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-04226Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=237

What This Study Found

72% of Australian and 88.2% of NZ endometriosis patients using cannabis obtained it illicitly rather than through legal medical channels. Substantial medication substitution effects were reported: 66.1% reduced opioids by over 50%, 63.1% reduced non-opioid pain medication by over 50%.

Key Numbers

237 respondents. 72% Australian and 88.2% NZ respondents used illicit cannabis. Only 23.1% Australian and 5.9% NZ accessed through prescription. Over 50% reduction reported in: opioid use (66.1%), non-opioid analgesics (63.1%), antineuropathics (61.7%), antianxiety medications (47.9%). 18.8% Australian and 23.5% NZ respondents did not disclose cannabis use to doctors.

How They Did This

Anonymous cross-sectional online survey distributed through social media via endometriosis advocacy groups. 237 respondents with medical diagnosis of endometriosis who reported cannabis use. Assessed legal vs illicit usage, access pathways, and healthcare provider interactions.

Why This Research Matters

Despite legal medicinal cannabis being available in both countries, the vast majority of endometriosis patients using cannabis do so without medical supervision, creating potential safety risks from drug interactions and unsupervised medication changes.

The Bigger Picture

This study reveals a significant gap between the availability of legal medicinal cannabis and actual patient access, with cost, stigma, and prescriber reluctance driving patients to illicit sources.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Self-selected sample recruited through advocacy groups may overrepresent cannabis-favorable attitudes. Self-reported outcomes without clinical verification. Survey design cannot establish causal medication substitution.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would subsidizing medicinal cannabis shift patients from illicit to legal supply?
  • ?Are patients safely tapering other medications when adding cannabis?
  • ?How do cannabis-related outcomes compare in supervised vs unsupervised use?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
66.1% reported reducing opioid use by over 50%
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: reasonable sample size with detailed survey data, but self-selected and self-reported outcomes.
Study Age:
Published in 2022.
Original Title:
Cannabis Use for Endometriosis: Clinical and Legal Challenges in Australia and New Zealand.
Published In:
Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 7(4), 464-472 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-04226

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are so many patients using illicit cannabis despite legal access?

Barriers included high cost of legal medicinal cannabis, difficulty finding willing prescribers, geographic isolation, and concern about legal repercussions and stigma.

Did cannabis help with endometriosis symptoms?

Respondents reported positive outcomes and substantial reductions in use of pain medications, hormonal therapies, antidepressants, and antianxiety medications.

Why is unsupervised use concerning?

Patients may be tapering or stopping prescribed medications without medical guidance, risking drug interactions, withdrawal effects, and suboptimal disease management.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-04226·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-04226

APA

Sinclair, Justin; Toufaili, Yasmine; Gock, Sarah; Pegorer, Amanda G; Wattle, Jordan; Franke, Martin; Alzwayid, Muayed A K M; Abbott, Jason; Pate, David W; Sarris, Jerome; Armour, Mike. (2022). Cannabis Use for Endometriosis: Clinical and Legal Challenges in Australia and New Zealand.. Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 7(4), 464-472. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2021.0116

MLA

Sinclair, Justin, et al. "Cannabis Use for Endometriosis: Clinical and Legal Challenges in Australia and New Zealand.." Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2021.0116

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cannabis Use for Endometriosis: Clinical and Legal Challenge..." RTHC-04226. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/sinclair-2022-cannabis-use-for-endometriosis

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.