CBD/THC Extract Did Not Improve Pain Outcomes After Knee Surgery in Dogs

A randomized, double-blind trial in 42 dogs found that adding CBD:THC extract to standard post-surgical pain management did not improve pain, mobility, or recovery after knee surgery compared to placebo.

Lyons, Chloe et al.·Frontiers in veterinary science·2025·Moderate EvidenceRandomized Controlled Trial
RTHC-07005Randomized Controlled TrialModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Randomized Controlled Trial
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

There were no significant differences in pain scores, range of motion, thigh circumference, or gait symmetry between dogs receiving CBD:THC extract and those receiving placebo, when both groups also received standard analgesics. Minor benefits from the higher dose appeared only on day 1 and did not persist. No serious adverse events occurred.

Key Numbers

48 dogs enrolled, 42 completed. Three groups: placebo, 2 mg CBD/kg, 5 mg CBD/kg (20:1 CBD:THC). Glasgow pain scores, range of motion, gait symmetry assessed. No significant group differences. Plasma cannabinoid levels were highly variable. Mild GI effects in 7 cases.

How They Did This

Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 48 dogs (42 completers) undergoing TPLO knee surgery. Three groups: placebo, low CBD (2 mg/kg), and high CBD (5 mg/kg) with a 20:1 CBD:THC ratio. All dogs received standard analgesics. Assessments at days 1 and 14 post-surgery. Published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science.

Why This Research Matters

Pet owners increasingly give CBD products to dogs for pain, often based on anecdotal reports. This controlled trial found that when added to standard pain management, CBD did not provide additional benefit for post-surgical pain.

The Bigger Picture

This adds to evidence that CBD may not provide additional pain relief beyond standard analgesics. The negative result is important because it helps prevent unnecessary supplementation and directs attention toward proven pain management strategies.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Small sample size per group. Only one CBD:THC ratio tested. Standard analgesic protocol was comprehensive, possibly leaving little room for additional improvement. 14-day follow-up only. Variable plasma cannabinoid levels suggest inconsistent absorption.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would CBD help when standard analgesics are inadequate?
  • ?Could different CBD:THC ratios show different results?
  • ?Does the highly variable plasma absorption mean some dogs simply did not get enough CBD?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
No significant differences in any outcome measure between CBD and placebo groups
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: well-designed double-blind RCT but small sample, variable absorption, and only one formulation tested.
Study Age:
2025 study (2022-2024 enrollment).
Original Title:
Efficacy of a 20:1 CBD:THC cannabis herbal extract for pain and inflammation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.
Published In:
Frontiers in veterinary science, 12, 1676779 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-07005

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled TrialGold standard for testing treatments
This study
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment or placebo groups to test cause and effect.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Should I give my dog CBD after surgery?

This controlled study found no benefit from adding CBD to standard post-surgical pain management. Standard analgesics alone were effective regardless of CBD treatment.

Was CBD safe for the dogs?

No serious adverse events were reported. Seven cases had mild gastrointestinal effects (vomiting or diarrhea). Owners reported the CBD doses were generally well tolerated.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-07005·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-07005

APA

Lyons, Chloe; Pinto, K Romany; Penney, Kira; Holmes, Laura; Salama, Abdul; Alcorn, Jane; Chicoine, Alan. (2025). Efficacy of a 20:1 CBD:THC cannabis herbal extract for pain and inflammation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.. Frontiers in veterinary science, 12, 1676779. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1676779

MLA

Lyons, Chloe, et al. "Efficacy of a 20:1 CBD:THC cannabis herbal extract for pain and inflammation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.." Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1676779

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Efficacy of a 20:1 CBD:THC cannabis herbal extract for pain ..." RTHC-07005. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/lyons-2025-efficacy-of-a-201

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.