Even Low-Dose CBD Increased Blood Levels of the Antidepressant Amitriptyline

A single 30 mg dose of CBD raised amitriptyline blood concentrations by 13%, suggesting CBD can interfere with drug metabolism even at doses far below therapeutic epilepsy levels.

Gorbenko, Andriy A et al.·British journal of clinical pharmacology·2025·Moderate Evidenceclinical-trial
RTHC-06567Clinical TrialModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
clinical-trial
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

In a crossover study of 12 healthy volunteers, a single 30 mg CBD dose taken one hour before amitriptyline significantly increased amitriptyline's AUC by 13% and peak concentration by 17%. CBD did not significantly affect tramadol or its active metabolite. The researchers note that chronic CBD dosing and taking CBD with food could amplify these interactions.

Key Numbers

30 mg CBD dose; amitriptyline AUC increased 13% (95% CI: 1-26%, p=0.033); amitriptyline Cmax increased 17% (95% CI: 1-36%, p=0.041); 12 completers (4 male, 8 female); no significant effect on tramadol

How They Did This

Open-label, fixed-sequence, two-way crossover study in 13 healthy participants (12 completed). On Day 1, participants received amitriptyline and tramadol alone. After a 7-day washout, they received 30 mg CBD one hour before the same drugs. Blood samples collected over 24 hours. AUCs compared using mixed-effects models.

Why This Research Matters

Most drug interaction studies use high CBD doses (300-1500 mg). This study shows that even a 30 mg dose, common in over-the-counter products, can meaningfully alter drug metabolism. For patients taking amitriptyline, this interaction could affect drug safety and efficacy.

The Bigger Picture

CBD products are widely available and often used alongside prescription medications without medical supervision. This study adds to growing evidence that CBD can alter the metabolism of commonly prescribed drugs, even at low consumer-grade doses.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Single-dose study; chronic dosing likely produces larger interactions. Small sample size. Open-label design. Only tested in fasted conditions; CBD absorption increases substantially with food. Healthy volunteers may differ from patient populations.

Questions This Raises

  • ?How much larger would this interaction be with chronic CBD use or when taken with food?
  • ?Should product labels for OTC CBD warn about potential drug interactions?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: controlled crossover design with pharmacokinetic endpoints, but small sample, single dose, and open-label.
Study Age:
2025 publication
Original Title:
Low-dose cannabidiol increases plasma concentrations of amitriptyline: A clinical drug-drug interaction study.
Published In:
British journal of clinical pharmacology (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-06567

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study
What do these levels mean? →

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Cite This Study

RTHC-06567·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-06567

APA

Gorbenko, Andriy A; Post, Titiaan E; Strugala, Pamela K; Klaassen, Erica S; Klumpers, Linda E; de Visser, Saco J; Sempio, Cristina; Klawitter, Jost; Heuberger, Jules A A C; Groeneveld, Geert J. (2025). Low-dose cannabidiol increases plasma concentrations of amitriptyline: A clinical drug-drug interaction study.. British journal of clinical pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1002/bcp.70415

MLA

Gorbenko, Andriy A, et al. "Low-dose cannabidiol increases plasma concentrations of amitriptyline: A clinical drug-drug interaction study.." British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/bcp.70415

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Low-dose cannabidiol increases plasma concentrations of amit..." RTHC-06567. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/gorbenko-2025-lowdose-cannabidiol-increases-plasma

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.