New Zealand experts argue cannabis products should meet the same standards as other medicines

As New Zealand considers cannabis reform, pharmacologists argue that "medicinal cannabis" is not a single entity but a diverse range of products that should be held to the same quality control and evidence standards as other pharmaceutical medicines.

Glass, Michelle et al.·The New Zealand medical journal·2019·Moderate EvidenceReview
RTHC-02047ReviewModerate Evidence2019RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Review
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Cannabis comes in diverse forms with various active ingredients, contrasting with legal and pharmaceutical definitions of medicines. The authors argue that the definition of what constitutes a medicine should not be changed to accommodate cannabis, and that cannabis products should meet the same standards as other medicines.

Key Numbers

Cannabis contains multiple active ingredients in varying concentrations across products. Quality control, prescriber practice, and clinical evidence assessment all affected by this variability.

How They Did This

Expert commentary examining what "medicinal cannabis" means from pharmaceutical and regulatory perspectives, published during New Zealand's cannabis reform debate.

Why This Research Matters

The term "medicinal cannabis" is used loosely to describe everything from FDA-approved pharmaceuticals to unregulated plant products. Without clear standards, patients, prescribers, and regulators cannot make informed decisions about quality, dosing, and evidence.

The Bigger Picture

The tension between cannabis as a plant and cannabis as a medicine is at the heart of regulatory challenges worldwide. Lowering pharmaceutical standards for cannabis sets a precedent that could undermine evidence-based medicine, while maintaining standards may limit patient access.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Expert opinion piece from two authors. Does not include systematic evidence review. New Zealand-specific regulatory context may not apply elsewhere. Does not address patient access barriers that strict standards might create.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Can whole-plant cannabis products ever meet pharmaceutical-grade standards?
  • ?Should there be a separate regulatory category between recreational and pharmaceutical?
  • ?How do other countries balance access with quality control?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Cannabis products should be held to the same standards as other medicines
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: expert commentary from qualified pharmacologists, though opinion-based rather than evidence-based.
Study Age:
Published in 2019.
Original Title:
What is medicinal cannabis?
Published In:
The New Zealand medical journal, 132(1494), 49-56 (2019)
Database ID:
RTHC-02047

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Summarizes existing research on a topic.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

What counts as medicinal cannabis?

That is exactly the problem this article addresses. "Medicinal cannabis" can mean FDA-approved drugs like Epidiolex, standardized pharmaceutical extracts, or unregulated plant products. The authors argue only products meeting pharmaceutical standards should qualify.

Why does it matter how medicinal cannabis is defined?

The definition determines quality control requirements, what evidence is needed, and how prescribers should approach it. A loose definition means patients may receive inconsistent, untested products.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02047·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02047

APA

Glass, Michelle; Ashton, John C. (2019). What is medicinal cannabis?. The New Zealand medical journal, 132(1494), 49-56.

MLA

Glass, Michelle, et al. "What is medicinal cannabis?." The New Zealand medical journal, 2019.

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "What is medicinal cannabis?" RTHC-02047. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/glass-2019-what-is-medicinal-cannabis

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.