Medical cannabis patients showed a brief spike then slight decrease in healthcare visits over 6 months

In a matched cohort study of 9,925 medical cannabis patients and 17,732 controls in Ontario, medical cannabis authorization was followed by a brief initial increase in healthcare visits that faded over six months.

Eurich, Dean et al.·Journal of epidemiology and community health·2020·Moderate EvidenceRetrospective Cohort
RTHC-02542Retrospective CohortModerate Evidence2020RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Retrospective Cohort
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=10,000

What This Study Found

Medical cannabis patients had a short-term increase in physician visits and hospitalizations within the first month, but these differences were not statistically significant over the 6-month follow-up. Emergency department visits showed a slight but significant decrease.

Key Numbers

9,925 medical cannabis patients matched with 17,732 controls. Initial increase: 4,330 additional physician visits per 10,000 patients in the first month. ED visits decreased by 19 per 10,000 patients over follow-up (p=0.014).

How They Did This

Matched cohort study comparing 9,925 medical cannabis patients (inhaled or oral) at specialized clinics with 17,732 non-authorized controls in Ontario (2014-2017). Interrupted time series and multivariate Poisson regression analyses were used.

Why This Research Matters

This large real-world study provides reassurance that medical cannabis authorization does not lead to sustained increases in healthcare system burden and may even modestly reduce emergency department visits.

The Bigger Picture

The brief initial increase likely reflects appropriate medical monitoring of new cannabis patients, while the subsequent stabilization and slight ED reduction suggest medical cannabis does not create long-term healthcare system strain.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Six-month follow-up is relatively short. The study could not assess why patients used healthcare services or whether cannabis replaced other treatments. Selection bias is possible since patients who seek medical cannabis may differ from controls.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Does the slight ED reduction persist beyond six months?
  • ?What drives the initial spike in healthcare use, and is it primarily monitoring visits?
  • ?Would longer follow-up reveal different patterns?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
ED visits decreased by 19 per 10,000 patients over 6 months
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: large matched cohort with interrupted time series analysis, though limited by 6-month follow-up.
Study Age:
Published in 2020 in Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
Original Title:
Cohort study of medical cannabis authorisation and healthcare utilisation in 2014-2017 in Ontario, Canada.
Published In:
Journal of epidemiology and community health, 74(3), 299-304 (2020)
Database ID:
RTHC-02542

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-ControlFollows or compares groups over time
This study
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Looks back at existing records to find patterns.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Did medical cannabis increase hospital use?

There was a brief initial increase in hospitalizations within the first month, but this was not statistically significant over the 6-month follow-up period. Emergency department visits actually showed a slight decrease.

Why would there be an initial spike in visits?

The authors suggest this likely reflects appropriate follow-up monitoring as patients begin medical cannabis use. This initial increase is expected and did not persist.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02542·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02542

APA

Eurich, Dean; Lee, Cerina; Zongo, Arsene; Minhas-Sandhu, Jasjett K; Hanlon, John G; Hyshka, Elaine; Dyck, Jason. (2020). Cohort study of medical cannabis authorisation and healthcare utilisation in 2014-2017 in Ontario, Canada.. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 74(3), 299-304. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-212438

MLA

Eurich, Dean, et al. "Cohort study of medical cannabis authorisation and healthcare utilisation in 2014-2017 in Ontario, Canada.." Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-212438

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cohort study of medical cannabis authorisation and healthcar..." RTHC-02542. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/eurich-2020-cohort-study-of-medical

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.