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Study breakdown

Black cancer patients more likely to view cannabis as more effective than opioids for pain

Cross Sectional SurveyModerate evidence
The takeaway

Among cancer patients at four NCI-designated cancer centers, Black patients were less likely to use opioids for pain and more likely to report cannabis as more effective than opioids, though racial differences were partly explained by socioeconomic factors.

Cancer patients managing pain, oncologists, health equity researchers

OR 2.46 for viewing cannabis as more effective

What the researchers found

Black patients were less likely to use opioids for pain (OR 0.66, p=0.035) and more likely to report cannabis was more effective than opioids (OR 2.46, p=0.03) compared to White patients. Race effects were mitigated after controlling for socioeconomic factors.

Why it matters

Racial disparities in opioid prescribing for cancer pain are well-documented. Understanding how cannabis fits into pain management for underserved populations could help address inequities in cancer symptom management.

The numbers in context

1,220 patients across 4 NCI centers in 3 states. Black patients: OR 0.66 for opioid use (p=0.035). Black patients: OR 2.46 for viewing cannabis as more effective (p=0.03). Race effects not significant after socioeconomic adjustment.

How the study worked

Survey of 1,220 patients across 4 NCI-designated cancer centers in 3 states assessing perceptions, use of cannabis and opioids for pain, substitution patterns, and racial/ethnic differences.

What this study cannot tell us

Cross-sectional survey cannot establish causation. NCI cancer center patients may not represent all cancer patients. Self-reported perceptions may not reflect actual efficacy. Cannot determine whether cannabis substitution improves or worsens pain outcomes.

How to read the evidence

Multi-center survey with statistical adjustment for confounders, but cross-sectional design limits causal conclusions.

When this study was published

2024 survey from 4 NCI-designated cancer centers

The bigger picture

The finding that socioeconomic factors mediate the racial differences suggests that access barriers to opioids (insurance, provider bias, pharmacy availability) may drive Black patients toward cannabis as a pain management alternative, rather than pure preference.

Questions still open

  • Are Black cancer patients achieving adequate pain control through cannabis use? Would equitable opioid access change cannabis use patterns among Black patients?

Common questions

Why might Black cancer patients prefer cannabis over opioids?
The study found that socioeconomic factors partly explained the difference, suggesting access barriers to opioids (insurance, provider prescribing patterns) may push some patients toward cannabis rather than pure pharmacological preference.
Is cannabis actually more effective than opioids for cancer pain?
This study measured perceptions, not comparative efficacy. Some patients reported finding cannabis more effective, but controlled clinical trials comparing the two for cancer pain are limited.

Read the original research

Cannabis and opioid perceptions, co-use, and substitution among patients across 4 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers.

Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs, 2024(66), 267-274

Citation

Ashare, Rebecca L; Worster, Brooke; Nugent, Shannon M; Smith, Danielle M; Morasco, Benjamin J; Leader, Amy E; Case, Amy A; Meghani, Salimah H. (2024). Cannabis and opioid perceptions, co-use, and substitution among patients across 4 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers.. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs, 2024(66), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad027

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