What Motivates Chronic Pain Patients to Consider Medical Cannabis?

Current pain levels, past experience with pain relief, and prior cannabis use are the strongest predictors of intention to use medical cannabis for chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Kröger, Edeltraut et al.·Scientific reports·2026·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-08401Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2026RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=226

What This Study Found

A Theory of Planned Behavior model explained 51% of the intention to use medical cannabis for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Key predictors were current pain levels, prior experience of pain reduction, and prior cannabis use, along with social norms, perceived ability to use, and attitudes toward medical cannabis.

Key Numbers

226 respondents, 160 included in final analysis. TPB model explained 51% of behavioral intention. Three exogenous factors: current pain, prior pain reduction experience, and prior cannabis use.

How They Did This

Questionnaire study based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, developed from prior qualitative interviews. 226 adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain in Canada completed an online questionnaire; 160 were included in final analysis using structural equation modeling.

Why This Research Matters

Understanding why pain patients consider medical cannabis helps healthcare providers have better conversations about treatment options — and helps identify patients who might benefit from or be at risk with cannabis use.

The Bigger Picture

As self-medication with cannabis becomes more common, understanding patient motivations isn't just academic — it's essential for harm reduction. Patients driven primarily by pain severity may need different guidance than those influenced by social norms.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cross-sectional design limits causal inference. Online convenience sample may not represent all chronic pain patients. Self-reported data subject to recall and social desirability bias. Canadian context may not generalize globally.

Questions This Raises

  • ?How do healthcare provider attitudes influence patients' intentions?
  • ?Would targeted education change behavioral intentions among pain patients?
  • ?Do motivational factors differ between medical and self-medication cannabis use?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Well-validated theoretical framework with reasonable sample size, though cross-sectional design and self-selection limit causal conclusions.
Study Age:
Published 2026, reflecting current Canadian medical cannabis landscape.
Original Title:
The theory of planned behavior partly explains why adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain consider using medical cannabis for pain management.
Published In:
Scientific reports, 16(1), 3542 (2026)
Database ID:
RTHC-08401

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do people with chronic pain want to try medical cannabis?

The strongest motivators are how much pain they're currently experiencing, whether they've previously gotten pain relief from cannabis, and whether they've used cannabis before. Social norms and perceived ability to access it also play roles.

Can doctors predict which pain patients will seek medical cannabis?

This study's model explained over half of patients' intentions, suggesting that pain severity, prior cannabis experience, and social/attitudinal factors could help clinicians identify patients likely to pursue medical cannabis.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-08401·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-08401

APA

Kröger, Edeltraut; Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues; Guillaumie, Laurence; Jauvin, Nathalie; Dagenais, Pierre; Lacasse, Anaïs; Dionne, Clermont E. (2026). The theory of planned behavior partly explains why adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain consider using medical cannabis for pain management.. Scientific reports, 16(1), 3542. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33616-0

MLA

Kröger, Edeltraut, et al. "The theory of planned behavior partly explains why adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain consider using medical cannabis for pain management.." Scientific reports, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33616-0

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "The theory of planned behavior partly explains why adults wi..." RTHC-08401. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/kroger-2026-the-theory-of-planned

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.