Cannabis use among CVS hospitalizations was linked to shorter stays and fewer readmissions, possibly due to CHS misclassification

In a nationwide analysis of over 35,000 cyclical vomiting syndrome hospitalizations, cannabis use was associated with shorter hospital stays and 37% lower 30-day readmissions, likely because some cases were actually cannabinoid hyperemesis that improved with cessation.

RTHC-05425ObservationalModerate Evidence2024RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Observational
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Among 35,055 CVS admissions (NIS), cannabis use was associated with reduced length of stay (adjusted mean difference -0.53 days) and 37% lower 30-day readmissions (aHR 0.63). The authors suggest this paradoxical finding likely reflects cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) cases miscoded as CVS, where cannabis cessation during hospitalization improved outcomes.

Key Numbers

35,055 NIS admissions; 31,240 NRD admissions; 6.4% readmitted within 30 days; cannabis use: LOS reduced by 0.53 days (95% CI -0.68 to -0.38); 30-day readmission aHR 0.63 (95% CI 0.54-0.73)

How They Did This

Retrospective nationwide analysis using weighted data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS, 35,055 admissions) and National Readmission Database (NRD, 31,240 admissions). Multivariate regression assessed predictors of length of stay and 30-day readmission among patients with primary CVS diagnosis.

Why This Research Matters

The overlap between CVS and CHS is a significant diagnostic challenge. This study highlights how ICD coding limitations obscure the true relationship between cannabis and cyclic vomiting.

The Bigger Picture

The lack of a specific ICD-10 code for CHS means an unknown number of CHS cases are coded as CVS, confounding research on both conditions and potentially leading to inappropriate treatment approaches.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Administrative data cannot distinguish CVS from CHS; cannabis use identification depends on ICD coding which may be incomplete; cannot determine if patients ceased cannabis during hospitalization; no data on cannabis use patterns or amounts

Questions This Raises

  • ?How many CVS hospitalizations are actually CHS?
  • ?Would implementing specific CHS ICD codes improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment?
  • ?What proportion of the reduced readmissions is attributable to cannabis cessation?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
37% lower readmission risk with cannabis use (likely CHS misclassification)
Evidence Grade:
Large nationwide administrative database study with appropriate regression modeling, but fundamentally limited by inability to distinguish CVS from CHS.
Study Age:
2024 study
Original Title:
Cannabis use and cyclical vomiting syndrome: An open debate.
Published In:
Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 56(2), 272-280 (2024)
Database ID:
RTHC-05425

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Watches what happens naturally without intervening.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Why would cannabis use improve CVS outcomes?

It probably does not. The authors suggest many of these "CVS" cases were actually cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), which improves when patients stop using cannabis. Hospitalization often involves temporary cannabis cessation, which would explain the shorter stays and fewer readmissions.

Why are CVS and CHS confused?

There is no specific ICD-10 code for CHS, so these cases get coded as CVS. Both conditions involve cyclic vomiting, making clinical differentiation difficult. The study authors call for specific CHS coding to improve differentiation between these conditions.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-05425·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-05425

APA

Kilani, Yassine; Aljabiri, Yazan; Arshad, Iqra; Alsakarneh, Saqr; Aldiabat, Mohammad; Castro Puello, Priscila; Vahanyan, Anush; Vikash, Fnu; Kumar, Vikash; Numan, Laith; Thor, Savanna. (2024). Cannabis use and cyclical vomiting syndrome: An open debate.. Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 56(2), 272-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2023.10.002

MLA

Kilani, Yassine, et al. "Cannabis use and cyclical vomiting syndrome: An open debate.." Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2023.10.002

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cannabis use and cyclical vomiting syndrome: An open debate." RTHC-05425. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/kilani-2024-cannabis-use-and-cyclical

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.