Young adult cannabis users who reported medical use were less likely to use other illicit drugs

Among 301 young adult cannabis users in Los Angeles tracked over four waves, self-reported medical cannabis use was associated with lower illicit drug use, while use of concentrates and edibles was associated with higher overall drug use trajectories.

Fedorova, Ekaterina V et al.·Drug and alcohol review·2020·Moderate EvidenceLongitudinal Cohort
RTHC-02549Longitudinal CohortModerate Evidence2020RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Longitudinal Cohort
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=366

What This Study Found

Self-reported medical cannabis use was negatively associated with membership in high illicit drug use trajectories. However, use of concentrates and edibles was associated with high drug use trajectories for both illicit drugs and prescription misuse.

Key Numbers

301 completers out of 366 enrolled. Two-trajectory solutions (high/low) for both illicit drug use and prescription misuse. Medical cannabis patient status, edibles use, and cannabis days all decreased by wave 4.

How They Did This

Longitudinal study surveying 210 medical cannabis patients and 156 non-patient users in Los Angeles annually over four waves (2014-2018). Developmental trajectory modeling identified high/low groups for illicit drug use and prescription drug misuse.

Why This Research Matters

The study suggests that self-reported medical cannabis use may indicate a different relationship with substances than recreational use, while certain cannabis product types may signal broader patterns of drug use.

The Bigger Picture

The declining trends in medical cannabis patient enrollment and cannabis days by wave 4 may reflect California's changing cannabis landscape as recreational legalization approached, suggesting that policy context shapes use patterns.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Self-reported data may undercount actual drug use. The sample was limited to Los Angeles and may not generalize. The association between product type and drug trajectories does not establish causation.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Does medical cannabis use actually reduce illicit drug use, or do lower-risk users simply prefer the medical framework?
  • ?How has full recreational legalization in California changed these patterns?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Medical cannabis use linked to lower illicit drug use trajectories
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: longitudinal design with four waves of data, though limited by self-report and single city.
Study Age:
Published in 2020 in Drug and Alcohol Review.
Original Title:
Developmental trajectories of illicit drug use, prescription drug misuse and cannabis practices among young adult cannabis users in Los Angeles.
Published In:
Drug and alcohol review, 39(6), 743-752 (2020)
Database ID:
RTHC-02549

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-ControlFollows or compares groups over time
This study
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Follows a group of people over time to track how outcomes develop.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does medical cannabis reduce other drug use?

The study found an association between self-reported medical use and lower illicit drug use trajectories, but it cannot prove that medical cannabis caused the lower use. People who prefer medical frameworks may simply be lower-risk users.

Why were concentrates and edibles linked to higher drug use?

The researchers suggest that people who seek out higher-potency or alternative cannabis products may also be more willing to try other substances. This is a correlation, not evidence that these products cause other drug use.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02549·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02549

APA

Fedorova, Ekaterina V; Schrager, Sheree M; Robinson, Lucy F; Roth, Alexis M; Wong, Carolyn F; Iverson, Ellen; Lankenau, Stephen E. (2020). Developmental trajectories of illicit drug use, prescription drug misuse and cannabis practices among young adult cannabis users in Los Angeles.. Drug and alcohol review, 39(6), 743-752. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13078

MLA

Fedorova, Ekaterina V, et al. "Developmental trajectories of illicit drug use, prescription drug misuse and cannabis practices among young adult cannabis users in Los Angeles.." Drug and alcohol review, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13078

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Developmental trajectories of illicit drug use, prescription..." RTHC-02549. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/fedorova-2020-developmental-trajectories-of-illicit

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.