Systematic review reveals healthcare professionals feel underprepared to guide patients on medicinal cannabis for chronic pain

A review of 26 studies across six countries found healthcare professionals see medicinal cannabis as a viable pain treatment option, particularly compared to opioids, but feel they lack the knowledge, training, and clinical guidelines to prescribe it confidently.

Cheng, Katherine Y C et al.·Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain·2022·Moderate EvidenceSystematic Review
RTHC-03755Systematic ReviewModerate Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Systematic Review
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Seven key themes emerged: MC as a treatment option for chronic pain; willingness to prescribe; legal issues; low perceived knowledge and need for education; comparative safety vs. opioids; addiction and abuse concerns; and perceived adverse effects. Across countries, healthcare professionals consistently identified knowledge gaps as the primary barrier to effective prescribing.

Key Numbers

26 studies from 6 countries. Seven key themes identified. Healthcare professionals across all disciplines and countries consistently reported low perceived knowledge of medicinal cannabis.

How They Did This

Systematic search of six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed) from 2001-2021. Twenty-six studies from the US, Israel, Canada, Australia, Ireland, and Norway were included. Perspectives of physicians, nurses, and pharmacists analyzed using thematic analysis.

Why This Research Matters

Patients increasingly ask about cannabis for pain, but their healthcare providers often feel unable to provide evidence-based guidance, creating a gap that patients fill with internet research and self-medication.

The Bigger Picture

The global consistency of the knowledge gap suggests this is a systemic issue in medical education rather than a country-specific problem, requiring coordinated educational interventions across healthcare systems.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Included studies used heterogeneous methods and populations. "Healthcare professionals" includes diverse roles with different scopes of practice. Publication bias toward English-language studies. Rapidly evolving legal landscape may outdate findings.

Questions This Raises

  • ?What educational formats would most effectively improve HCP knowledge?
  • ?Should cannabis prescribing be limited to specialists?
  • ?How do patients perceive their providers' cannabis knowledge?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Knowledge gaps identified as primary barrier across 6 countries
Evidence Grade:
Systematic search with thematic analysis across 26 studies and multiple countries.
Study Age:
Published in 2022 with searches through March 2021.
Original Title:
Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the use of medicinal cannabis to manage chronic pain: A systematic search and narrative review.
Published In:
Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain, 22(8), 718-732 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-03755

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic ReviewCombines many studies into one answer
This study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Analyzes all available research on a topic using a structured method.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Do doctors feel comfortable prescribing cannabis for pain?

Generally no. Across 26 studies in six countries, healthcare professionals consistently reported feeling they lacked adequate knowledge, training, and clinical guidelines to prescribe medicinal cannabis for chronic pain, despite many seeing it as a viable treatment option.

How do healthcare professionals view cannabis compared to opioids?

Many HCPs view medicinal cannabis as comparatively safer than opioids for chronic pain management, which contributes to their willingness to consider it as an option even without strong clinical evidence.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03755·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03755

APA

Cheng, Katherine Y C; Harnett, Joanna E; Davis, Sharon R; Eassey, Daniela; Law, Susan; Smith, Lorraine. (2022). Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the use of medicinal cannabis to manage chronic pain: A systematic search and narrative review.. Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain, 22(8), 718-732. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.13161

MLA

Cheng, Katherine Y C, et al. "Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the use of medicinal cannabis to manage chronic pain: A systematic search and narrative review.." Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.13161

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the use of medicin..." RTHC-03755. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/cheng-2022-healthcare-professionals-perspectives-on

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.