CBD improved running endurance in mice by reshaping gut bacteria

CBD increased treadmill running performance in mice by altering gut microbiome composition, with antibiotic treatment reversing the benefit and a specific bacterium replicating it.

Chen, Si et al.·Experimental & molecular medicine·2025·Preliminary EvidenceAnimal StudyAnimal Study
RTHC-06204Animal StudyPreliminary Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Animal Study
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

CBD increased running endurance, oxidative muscle fibers, and mitochondrial biogenesis; these effects depended on gut microbiome (abolished by antibiotics); CBD-enriched Bifidobacterium animalis alone improved running performance.

Key Numbers

CBD significantly increased treadmill running; antibiotic treatment reduced the endurance benefit; B. animalis KBP-1 isolate independently improved running; PGC-1a, phosphorylated CREB, and AMPK upregulated in muscle.

How They Did This

Mice received CBD and were tested on treadmill running; muscle tissue analyzed for fiber composition and mitochondrial markers; gut microbiome profiled; antibiotics used to test microbiome dependency; isolated B. animalis administered separately.

Why This Research Matters

This is the first evidence that CBD's effects on physical performance may work through the gut microbiome rather than direct muscle or brain effects.

The Bigger Picture

If CBD improves exercise capacity through gut bacteria, this opens new avenues for sports performance research and probiotic interventions.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Mouse model; single CBD dose tested; antibiotic approach affects entire microbiome; unclear if similar gut changes occur in humans.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would CBD improve exercise performance in humans through the same gut-muscle axis?
  • ?What CBD doses are needed?
  • ?Do recreational cannabis users show similar gut microbiome shifts?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Antibiotics abolished CBD's endurance benefit, proving the gut microbiome was required
Evidence Grade:
Novel mechanistic animal study with antibiotic and single-species validation, but mouse exercise models have limited human translatability.
Study Age:
Published 2025
Original Title:
Cannabidiol reshapes the gut microbiome to promote endurance exercise in mice.
Published In:
Experimental & molecular medicine, 57(2), 489-500 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-06204

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal StudyOne case or non-human subjects
This study

Tests effects in animals (usually mice or rats), not humans.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does CBD improve exercise performance?

In mice, yes. CBD increased treadmill running endurance by promoting oxidative muscle fibers and mitochondrial biogenesis, and this effect depended on gut bacteria.

Which gut bacterium was responsible?

Bifidobacterium animalis (strain KBP-1) was enriched by CBD and, when given alone, independently improved running performance in mice.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-06204·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-06204

APA

Chen, Si; Lee, Yu-Bin; Song, Mi-Young; Lim, Changjin; Cho, Hwangeui; Shim, Hyun Joo; Kim, Jong-Suk; Park, Byung-Hyun; Kim, Jeon-Kyung; Bae, Eun Ju. (2025). Cannabidiol reshapes the gut microbiome to promote endurance exercise in mice.. Experimental & molecular medicine, 57(2), 489-500. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-025-01404-5

MLA

Chen, Si, et al. "Cannabidiol reshapes the gut microbiome to promote endurance exercise in mice.." Experimental & molecular medicine, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-025-01404-5

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cannabidiol reshapes the gut microbiome to promote endurance..." RTHC-06204. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/chen-2025-cannabidiol-reshapes-the-gut

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.