Racial Discrimination Linked to Cannabis Coping Among Asian Americans During COVID

Among over 3,000 Asian Americans surveyed during COVID-19, perceived racial bias was specifically associated with cannabis use for coping, while other pandemic stressors drove alcohol and tobacco use.

Bacong, Adrian Matias et al.·BMC public health·2025·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-05992Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Racial/ethnic discrimination was associated only with cannabis use among Asian Americans during the pandemic, not with alcohol or tobacco. However, non-discriminatory COVID-19 stressors (economic, health) were associated with all three substances. About 24% of Asian Americans reported discrimination as their greatest source of stress.

Key Numbers

3,159 Asian American participants. 24% reported racial/ethnic discrimination as greatest stressor. Cannabis coping: 4.1%. Alcohol coping: 13.0%. Tobacco coping: 4.3%. Racial discrimination was associated only with cannabis use, not alcohol or tobacco.

How They Did This

Cross-sectional analysis of 3,159 Asian American participants from the AA & NH/PI COVID-19 Needs Assessment Project. Binary logistic regression examined associations between discrimination measures, pandemic stressors, and use of tobacco, alcohol, or cannabis for coping.

Why This Research Matters

Anti-Asian discrimination surged during COVID-19. This study reveals that discrimination-related stress and general pandemic stress drove different substance use patterns, suggesting that addressing racism specifically may help reduce cannabis use as a coping mechanism in this community.

The Bigger Picture

Different types of stress may drive different substance use behaviors. The specificity of the discrimination-cannabis link suggests something unique about how racial stress is processed compared to other pandemic stressors.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cross-sectional design cannot determine causation. Self-reported substance use and discrimination. Surveyed during a specific pandemic period, which may limit generalizability. Grouping all Asian Americans together misses within-group diversity.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Why was discrimination specifically linked to cannabis but not alcohol?
  • ?Does this pattern persist post-pandemic?
  • ?Would disaggregating Asian American subgroups reveal different patterns?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
24% of Asian Americans reported discrimination as their greatest COVID stressor
Evidence Grade:
Moderate: large community-based sample with validated measures, but cross-sectional design and pandemic-specific context
Study Age:
Published in 2025 using pandemic-era data
Original Title:
Perceived discrimination and coping with substance use among Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis.
Published In:
BMC public health, 25(1), 698 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-05992

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Why was discrimination linked only to cannabis and not other substances?

The study found this specific pattern but could not determine why. The authors suggest different stressors may trigger different coping behaviors, and that the discrimination-cannabis link deserves further investigation.

How common was substance use for coping?

Among Asian American respondents, 13.0% used alcohol, 4.3% used tobacco, and 4.1% used cannabis to cope with pandemic-related stress.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-05992·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-05992

APA

Bacong, Adrian Matias; Maglalang, Dale Dagar; Tsoh, Janice Y; Saw, Anne. (2025). Perceived discrimination and coping with substance use among Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis.. BMC public health, 25(1), 698. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21824-2

MLA

Bacong, Adrian Matias, et al. "Perceived discrimination and coping with substance use among Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis.." BMC public health, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21824-2

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Perceived discrimination and coping with substance use among..." RTHC-05992. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/bacong-2025-perceived-discrimination-and-coping

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.