People who visited the ER for cannabis had nearly four times the risk of developing an anxiety disorder

Among 12 million Ontarians, those with a cannabis-related ER visit had a 3.7-fold increased risk of anxiety disorder diagnosis within three years, with young males at highest risk (5.7x).

Myran, Daniel T et al.·EClinicalMedicine·2024·Strong EvidenceRetrospective Cohort
RTHC-05580Retrospective CohortStrong Evidence2024RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Retrospective Cohort
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Within 3 years of a cannabis ER visit, 12.3% were diagnosed with anxiety (ED/hospital) vs 1.2% general population (aHR 3.69). Including outpatient: 23.6% vs 5.6% (aHR 3.88). Young males: aHR 5.67. Young females: aHR 3.22.

Key Numbers

12,099,144 individuals. 34,822 cannabis ER visits. 3-year anxiety: 12.3% vs 1.2%. aHR 3.69. Young males: aHR 5.67.

How They Did This

Population-based cohort using Ontario administrative data (2008-2019). 12,099,144 individuals without prior anxiety. 34,822 had cannabis ER visits. Cause-specific hazard models.

Why This Research Matters

Cannabis-related ER visits may identify individuals at very high risk for developing anxiety disorders, offering a clinical window for screening and intervention.

The Bigger Picture

Cannabis ER visits are increasing with legalization. If these visits represent high-risk moments, they offer opportunities for brief intervention that could prevent chronic anxiety.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cannot determine causation. ER visits represent the most severe reactions. Cannot measure use patterns or potency.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would anxiety screening after cannabis ER visits reduce disorder development?
  • ?Is the association driven by cannabis causing anxiety or shared vulnerabilities?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
increased anxiety disorder risk within 3 years of a cannabis ER visit, rising to 5.7x for young males
Evidence Grade:
Massive population cohort (12 million) with appropriate hazard modeling. Cannot determine causation.
Study Age:
2024 publication using 2008-2019 data.
Original Title:
Development of an anxiety disorder following an emergency department visit due to cannabis use: a population-based cohort study.
Published In:
EClinicalMedicine, 69, 102455 (2024)
Database ID:
RTHC-05580

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-ControlFollows or compares groups over time
This study
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Looks back at existing records to find patterns.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does cannabis cause anxiety disorders?

This study found a strong association but cannot prove causation. People prone to anxiety may have stronger adverse reactions to cannabis. The relationship likely runs in both directions.

Why are young males at highest risk?

Young males had 5.7x relative risk, possibly reflecting higher-potency use, biological vulnerability during brain development, or lower baseline anxiety diagnosis rates.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-05580·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-05580

APA

Myran, Daniel T; Harrison, Lyndsay D; Pugliese, Michael; Tanuseputro, Peter; Gaudreault, Adrienne; Fiedorowicz, Jess G; Solmi, Marco. (2024). Development of an anxiety disorder following an emergency department visit due to cannabis use: a population-based cohort study.. EClinicalMedicine, 69, 102455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102455

MLA

Myran, Daniel T, et al. "Development of an anxiety disorder following an emergency department visit due to cannabis use: a population-based cohort study.." EClinicalMedicine, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102455

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Development of an anxiety disorder following an emergency de..." RTHC-05580. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/myran-2024-development-of-an-anxiety

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.