Cannabis Use Disorder Was Linked to Double the Complication Risk and Longer Hospital Stays After Bariatric Surgery

Among 713,290 bariatric surgery patients in a nationwide database, those with cannabis use disorder had 2.24 times higher odds of medical complications and significantly longer hospital stays, though no significant difference in mortality was found.

Shah, Rohan M et al.·Obesity surgery·2023·Strong Evidenceretrospective
RTHC-04927RetrospectiveStrong Evidence2023RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
retrospective
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
N=713,290

What This Study Found

Cannabis use disorder (0.26% of patients) was associated with medical complications (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.31-3.82; P=0.003) and longer hospital stays (beta: 1.3 days; P<0.001). In-hospital mortality trended higher but did not reach significance (OR: 3.29; P=0.062). Analyses controlled for race, age, sex, income, procedure type, and comorbidities.

Key Numbers

N=713,290 bariatric patients. CUD prevalence: 0.26% (1,870 patients). Complications OR=2.24 (P=0.003). Length of stay: +1.3 days (P<0.001). Mortality OR=3.29 (P=0.062, not significant).

How They Did This

Retrospective nationwide study using the National Inpatient Sample 2016-2019. Queried patients 18+ undergoing RYGB, VSG, or AGB surgery. Cannabis use disorder identified by ICD-10 coding. Logistic and linear regression models.

Why This Research Matters

Bariatric surgery is increasingly common, and surgeons need to know if cannabis use affects outcomes. The doubled complication rate suggests cannabis use disorder should be part of preoperative risk assessment.

The Bigger Picture

As both bariatric surgery and cannabis use increase, their intersection becomes more common. Whether the increased complications are from cannabis itself (e.g., effects on anesthesia, wound healing, or pain management) or from associated lifestyle factors remains to be determined.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Administrative database with ICD-10 coding may underestimate cannabis use (0.26% is far below population prevalence). Cannot distinguish active use from historical CUD diagnosis. Cannot determine dose, frequency, or route of cannabis use. Cannot establish causation.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Should bariatric surgery programs screen for cannabis use disorder as part of preoperative evaluation?
  • ?Is the increased complication risk from cannabis effects on healing, anesthesia interaction, or confounding factors?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Cannabis use disorder doubled complication risk after bariatric surgery
Evidence Grade:
Large nationwide database study with multivariable adjustment, but limited by ICD-10 coding and inability to assess actual cannabis use patterns.
Study Age:
Published in 2023 using NIS data from 2016-2019.
Original Title:
Severe Cannabis use is Associated with Complications and Prolonged Length of Stay in Bariatric Surgery.
Published In:
Obesity surgery, 33(5), 1333-1337 (2023)
Database ID:
RTHC-04927

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study
What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does cannabis use affect bariatric surgery outcomes?

In this nationwide study, cannabis use disorder was associated with 2.24 times higher odds of medical complications and longer hospital stays after bariatric surgery.

Should cannabis users avoid bariatric surgery?

The study shows increased risk but does not mean surgery should be avoided. It suggests cannabis use disorder should be considered in preoperative risk assessment.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-04927·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-04927

APA

Shah, Rohan M; Patel, Shrey; Patel, Shiv; Sandhu, Lakhvir Kaur; Chand, Bipan. (2023). Severe Cannabis use is Associated with Complications and Prolonged Length of Stay in Bariatric Surgery.. Obesity surgery, 33(5), 1333-1337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-023-06552-z

MLA

Shah, Rohan M, et al. "Severe Cannabis use is Associated with Complications and Prolonged Length of Stay in Bariatric Surgery.." Obesity surgery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-023-06552-z

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Severe Cannabis use is Associated with Complications and Pro..." RTHC-04927. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/shah-2023-severe-cannabis-use-is

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.