Attachment Anxiety Amplifies Cannabis-Related Depression Risk

People with higher attachment anxiety experienced a stronger link between problematic cannabis use and depression, with the combination of high anxiety and avoidance predicting the greatest increases in depressive symptoms over time.

Gliksberg, Or et al.·Addictive behaviors·2026·Moderate Evidencelongitudinal
RTHC-08283LongitudinalModerate Evidence2026RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
longitudinal
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=1,745

What This Study Found

Attachment anxiety significantly moderated the cannabis-depression association at both timepoints (p=0.013 at T1, p=0.002 at T2), and a longitudinal three-way interaction (p=0.014) showed that depression increases were greatest among individuals high in both attachment anxiety and avoidance.

Key Numbers

N=1,745 (412 lifetime users); two timepoints (2024-2025); attachment anxiety moderation p=0.013 (T1), p=0.002 (T2); three-way interaction p=0.014; avoidance showed paradoxical buffering effect among users

How They Did This

Two-wave longitudinal study of 1,745 Israeli adults (412 lifetime cannabis users) assessed at T1 (2024) and T2 (2025) using ASSIST, PHQ-9, and ECR measures, with cross-sectional moderation models and longitudinal change models.

Why This Research Matters

This study identifies attachment insecurities as a key vulnerability factor that amplifies the depressive impact of cannabis use, suggesting clinical interventions should address emotional regulation alongside substance use.

The Bigger Picture

Understanding that psychological vulnerabilities like attachment insecurity magnify cannabis-related mental health risks could transform treatment approaches from substance-focused to relationship-and-emotion-focused.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Israeli sample may not generalize globally; self-report measures; two timepoints limit understanding of temporal dynamics; cannot establish causality; lifetime cannabis use group includes variable use patterns.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would attachment-focused therapy reduce cannabis-related depression?
  • ?Does this interaction hold for other substances?
  • ?Why does avoidance appear to buffer the cannabis-depression link?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Longitudinal design with validated instruments and adequate sample size, though limited to two timepoints and self-report measures.
Study Age:
Published 2026; data collected 2024-2025.
Original Title:
Problematic cannabis use and attachment insecurities as Joint predictors of Depression: Cross-Sectional and longitudinal models.
Published In:
Addictive behaviors, 175, 108604 (2026)
Database ID:
RTHC-08283

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study
What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does cannabis cause depression?

The relationship is complex — this study found that problematic cannabis use is linked to depression, but the strength of that link depends heavily on psychological factors like attachment anxiety, suggesting individual vulnerability plays a major role.

Who is most at risk for cannabis-related depression?

People with high attachment anxiety (fear of abandonment, relationship insecurity) showed the strongest cannabis-depression connection, especially when combined with attachment avoidance.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-08283·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-08283

APA

Gliksberg, Or; Shmulewitz, Dvora; Skvirsky, Vera; Levitin, Maor Daniel; Feingold, Daniel; Kor, Ariel; Lev-Ran, Shaul; Mikulincer, Mario. (2026). Problematic cannabis use and attachment insecurities as Joint predictors of Depression: Cross-Sectional and longitudinal models.. Addictive behaviors, 175, 108604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108604

MLA

Gliksberg, Or, et al. "Problematic cannabis use and attachment insecurities as Joint predictors of Depression: Cross-Sectional and longitudinal models.." Addictive behaviors, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108604

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Problematic cannabis use and attachment insecurities as Join..." RTHC-08283. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/gliksberg-2026-problematic-cannabis-use-and

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.