Recent cannabis use linked to higher odds of suicidal thinking in U.S. adults

Adults who used cannabis in the past 30 days had 54% higher odds of suicidal ideation and 53% higher odds of depression compared to non-users in a nationally representative sample.

Diep, Calvin et al.·Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie·2022·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-03807Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=21,726

What This Study Found

After adjusting for potential confounders, recent cannabis users (past 30 days) had significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation (aOR 1.54), depression (aOR 1.53), and having recently seen a mental health professional, compared to those without recent cannabis use.

Key Numbers

21,726 participants: 18,599 non-users, 3,127 recent users. Suicidal ideation aOR 1.54 (95% CI 1.19-2.00, p=0.001). Depression aOR 1.53 (95% CI 1.29-1.82).

How They Did This

Cross-sectional analysis of 21,726 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2018). Multiple logistic regression adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic factors, and comorbidities, with survey sample weights.

Why This Research Matters

With cannabis use prevalence rising, understanding its relationship with suicidal thinking is critical for public health screening and policy decisions.

The Bigger Picture

The relationship between cannabis and suicidality is likely multifactorial. People with depression or suicidal thoughts may use cannabis as self-medication, making the direction of causation unclear.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cross-sectional design cannot determine causation or direction of effect. Self-reported cannabis use. Does not account for quantity, potency, or reason for use.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Does cannabis use contribute to suicidal ideation, or do people with suicidal thoughts use cannabis for relief?
  • ?Would results differ by frequency or type of cannabis use?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
54% higher odds of suicidal ideation among recent cannabis users
Evidence Grade:
Large, nationally representative dataset with appropriate statistical adjustments, but cross-sectional design limits causal inference.
Study Age:
Published in 2022 using NHANES data from 2005-2018.
Original Title:
The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ideation in Adults: A Population-based Analysis of the NHANES from 2005 to 2018.
Published In:
Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 67(4), 259-267 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-03807

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does this mean cannabis causes suicidal thoughts?

Not necessarily. The cross-sectional design shows an association but cannot determine direction. People experiencing suicidal ideation may also be more likely to use cannabis as a coping mechanism.

How strong was the association?

After adjusting for multiple factors, recent cannabis users had 54% higher odds of suicidal ideation (aOR 1.54, p=0.001) and 53% higher odds of depression (aOR 1.53) compared to non-users.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03807·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03807

APA

Diep, Calvin; Bhat, Venkat; Wijeysundera, Duminda N; Clarke, Hance A; Ladha, Karim S. (2022). The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ideation in Adults: A Population-based Analysis of the NHANES from 2005 to 2018.. Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 67(4), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743721996112

MLA

Diep, Calvin, et al. "The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ideation in Adults: A Population-based Analysis of the NHANES from 2005 to 2018.." Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743721996112

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "The Association between Recent Cannabis Use and Suicidal Ide..." RTHC-03807. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/diep-2022-the-association-between-recent

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.