Childhood Trauma Predicts Cannabis Use in New Mothers, But Resilience May Help (Up to a Point)

In 126 predominantly low-income mothers followed through three years postpartum, the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and cannabis use depended on resilience level. Among high-resilience mothers, each additional ACE increased cannabis use odds by 38% (adjusted OR=1.38). Predicted probability of cannabis use in this group rose from 8.5% at 0 ACEs to 62.9% at 10 ACEs. Among low-resilience mothers, cannabis use probability remained around 36% regardless of ACE exposure.

Longitudinal study of 126 predominantly low-income, diverse mothers in the South Central US. Multiple logistic regression evaluated ACEs and cannabis use through 3 years postpartum, stratified by resilience (median split). Adjusted for sociodemographics, postnatal depression, and prenatal substance use.

Cannabis use in early motherhood is increasing, and understanding what drives it can inform more targeted support. The finding that resilience appears protective at low-to-moderate trauma exposure but loses its protective effect at high ACE levels suggests that different intervention strategies may be needed depending on a mother's trauma history.

This study adds nuance to the ACEs-substance use connection. Rather than a simple 'more trauma equals more use' model, the relationship depends on protective factors. The finding that resilience's protective effect has limits at high trauma levels has implications for how support programs are designed for mothers with extensive childhood adversity.

Small sample size (n=126). Predominantly low-income population in one US region. Cannabis use was self-reported. Resilience measured at a single point. Cannot determine whether cannabis use represents problematic use or intentional self-management. Observational design limits causal claims.