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Study breakdown

Very Few Technology-Based Interventions Exist to Reduce Cannabis Use in People with Psychosis

Systematic ReviewLow evidence
The takeaway

A systematic review update found only 3 new studies on technology-based psychological interventions for cannabis use in psychosis patients since 2020, despite the rapid expansion of digital mental health tools.

digital health developers, psychiatrists, psychosis researchers, addiction treatment providers

What the researchers found

Only 3 studies met inclusion criteria from 5,083 screened records. Two quantitative studies showed promising results for internet or VR-based interventions incorporating CBT, motivational interviewing, and psychoeducation on cannabis use frequency and quantity. One qualitative study explored patient and clinician perspectives on using technology for cannabis interventions. Total across original review and update: only 11 peer-reviewed articles.

Why it matters

Cannabis use is highly prevalent in people with psychotic disorders and worsens outcomes. Despite the explosion of digital mental health tools, this population has been almost entirely neglected by technology-based intervention developers.

The numbers in context

5,083 records screened. 3 studies retained. Only 11 total peer-reviewed articles across both reviews. Internet and VR-based interventions showed promising results. CBT, MI, and psychoeducation components.

How the study worked

Systematic review update searching Medline, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EMB Reviews for studies indexed November 2019 to July 2023. PRISMA guidelines. Narrative synthesis of retained studies.

What this study cannot tell us

Very small evidence base (3 new studies). Heterogeneous interventions make comparison difficult. Qualitative and pilot studies do not establish efficacy. Publication bias likely.

How to read the evidence

Systematic review methodology is sound, but the evidence base itself is extremely thin with only 11 total studies identified across two reviews.

When this study was published

2025 publication covering literature through July 2023.

The bigger picture

The gap between the rapidly expanding mobile-health landscape and the near-total absence of tools for this high-risk population is striking. People with psychosis who use cannabis often have difficulty accessing traditional in-person treatment, making technology-based solutions potentially transformative.

Questions still open

  • Why has this population been neglected by digital health developers?
  • What specific features make technology-based interventions effective for cannabis use in psychosis?

Common questions

Are there apps or online tools to help reduce cannabis use in people with psychosis?
Very few. This systematic review found only 11 total published studies on the topic. The few that exist, using internet-based CBT and virtual reality, showed promising results but the field is severely underdeveloped.
Can virtual reality help with cannabis addiction?
Early studies identified in this review showed promising results for VR-based psychological interventions that incorporate CBT and motivational interviewing to reduce cannabis use in people with psychosis, but the evidence base is very small.

Read the original research

Technology-Based Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Decreasing Cannabis Use in People with Psychosis: A Systematic Review Update.

Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 10(1), 11-17

Citation

Tatar, Ovidiu; Bakouni, Hamzah; Abdel-Baki, Amal; Jutras-Aswad, Didier. (2025). Technology-Based Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Decreasing Cannabis Use in People with Psychosis: A Systematic Review Update.. Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 10(1), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2024.0094

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