rethinkTHC Search
Menu
Study breakdown

Combining Counseling With Ecological Momentary Assessment Increased Mindfulness and Reduced Cannabis Desire in Frequent Young Users

Randomized Controlled TrialModerate evidence
The takeaway

Among 68 young cannabis users aged 15-24, motivational counseling combined with ecological momentary assessment (EMA) increased mindful attention at 3-month follow-up, and higher momentary mindfulness was associated with lower cannabis desire and negative affect.

Adolescent addiction clinicians, mindfulness researchers, mHealth intervention designers.

Higher momentary mindfulness was linked to 52% lower cannabis desire

What the researchers found

Momentary mindful awareness (MAA) increased from baseline to follow-up in the counseling + EMA group (beta=0.237) but not in counseling alone. Higher momentary MAA was associated with lower negative affect (beta=-0.526) and cannabis desire (beta=-0.521) but not positive affect.

Why it matters

This suggests that the act of regularly checking in on one's own mental state (EMA) may itself be therapeutic by increasing mindful awareness. The strong inverse associations between mindfulness and cannabis desire point to mindfulness as a treatment target.

The numbers in context

N=68 participants, 1,971 EMA reports. MAA increase with MET+EMA: beta=0.237. MAA-negative affect: beta=-0.526. MAA-cannabis desire: beta=-0.521. Age range: 15-24.

How the study worked

Randomized trial of outpatients aged 15-24 using cannabis 3+ times/week, assigned to MET counseling with/without EMA follow-up. 1,971 EMA reports from 68 participants analyzed. Momentary mindfulness, affect, and cannabis desire assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up.

What this study cannot tell us

Small sample. Cannot distinguish EMA effect from additional contact/attention. Associations between MAA and desire are correlational within persons. 3-month follow-up is relatively short. Not all participants used cannabis for the same reasons.

How to read the evidence

Randomized trial with ecological momentary assessment. Modest sample but strong within-person associations.

When this study was published

Published in 2023.

The bigger picture

Ecological momentary assessment is usually seen as a research tool, but this study suggests it may also be an intervention. Simply prompting people to notice their current state may build the mindfulness skills that reduce craving.

Questions still open

  • Would a mindfulness-focused smartphone app replicate the EMA mindfulness-building effect?
  • Does the mindfulness-desire association translate to actual reductions in cannabis use?

Common questions

Can mindfulness help with cannabis cravings?
In this study of young cannabis users, higher momentary mindful awareness was associated with lower cannabis desire. Adding self-monitoring (EMA) to counseling increased mindfulness at 3-month follow-up.
Does tracking your mood reduce cannabis use?
Regular ecological momentary assessment (checking in on thoughts and feelings throughout the day) increased mindful awareness, which was in turn associated with lower cannabis desire and negative mood.

Read the original research

Associations of Momentary Mindfulness With Affect and Cannabis Desire in a Trial of Cannabis Use Interventions With and Without Momentary Assessment.

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 72(1), 126-129

Citation

Shrier, Lydia A; Harris, Sion Kim. (2023). Associations of Momentary Mindfulness With Affect and Cannabis Desire in a Trial of Cannabis Use Interventions With and Without Momentary Assessment.. The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 72(1), 126-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.09.002

Explore the wider topic