Pulmonary circulation disorders in cannabis users tripled over seven years with doubled mortality risk

A nationwide analysis of 3.3 million cannabis-related hospitalizations found that pulmonary circulation disorder cases increased 200% from 2007 to 2014, with those patients facing twice the in-hospital mortality risk.

Jain, Akhil et al.·Cureus·2022·Strong EvidenceRetrospective Cohort
RTHC-03927Retrospective CohortStrong Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Retrospective Cohort
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Among 3,307,310 cannabis-related hospitalizations, 20,328 (0.61%) involved pulmonary circulation disorders. PCD-related hospitalizations increased 200% (from 0.3% to 0.9%) over the study period. Patients with cannabis and PCD had an all-cause in-hospital mortality of 4.1% vs. 0.5% without PCD. Adjusted odds ratio for mortality was 2.17.

Key Numbers

3,307,310 total cannabis hospitalizations. 20,328 with PCD (0.61%). 200% relative increase in PCD prevalence (0.3% to 0.9%, 2007-2014). In-hospital mortality: 4.1% with PCD vs. 0.5% without. Adjusted OR for mortality: 2.17 (95% CI: 1.99-2.36). PCD patients were older (mean 47 vs. 34 years). Median hospital stay: 6 vs. 3 days.

How They Did This

Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2007-2014, comparing cannabis users with pulmonary circulation disorders to those without. Examined demographics, comorbidities, and in-hospital outcomes including mortality and healthcare utilization.

Why This Research Matters

The 200% increase in pulmonary circulation disorders among cannabis users, combined with doubled mortality risk, suggests this is an emerging and potentially life-threatening complication that clinicians should monitor.

The Bigger Picture

While cardiovascular effects of cannabis have received less attention than respiratory or psychiatric risks, this study suggests pulmonary vascular disease may be an underrecognized complication of cannabis use disorder.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Administrative database study cannot establish causation. ICD coding may misclassify conditions. Cannabis use disorder diagnosis does not capture dose, duration, or route. PCD patients were older with more comorbidities, which confound the mortality comparison. Temporal association does not prove cannabis caused PCD.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Is smoking route responsible, or do all cannabis delivery methods carry pulmonary vascular risk?
  • ?Would the trend continue after 2014 with rising cannabis use?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
200% increase in PCD; 2.17x adjusted mortality risk
Evidence Grade:
Large nationwide database study with 3.3 million hospitalizations and multivariable adjustment, though limited by administrative data constraints.
Study Age:
Published in 2022, covering 2007-2014 NIS data.
Original Title:
Nationwide Trends in Hospitalizations and Outcomes of Pulmonary Circulation Disorders Among Patients With Cannabis Use Disorder in the United States.
Published In:
Cureus, 14(3), e22897 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-03927

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-ControlFollows or compares groups over time
This study
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Looks back at existing records to find patterns.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Can cannabis cause lung circulation problems?

This nationwide study found a 200% increase in pulmonary circulation disorders among cannabis users from 2007 to 2014, with those patients having twice the in-hospital mortality risk, though causation was not established.

How dangerous are pulmonary complications from cannabis?

Cannabis users with pulmonary circulation disorders had 4.1% in-hospital mortality versus 0.5% for those without, stayed twice as long in the hospital, and were more likely to need skilled nursing care after discharge.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03927·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03927

APA

Jain, Akhil; Gandhi, Zainab; Desai, Rupak; Mansuri, Uvesh; Rizvi, Bisharah; Alvarez, Melissa; Gupta, Puneet. (2022). Nationwide Trends in Hospitalizations and Outcomes of Pulmonary Circulation Disorders Among Patients With Cannabis Use Disorder in the United States.. Cureus, 14(3), e22897. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22897

MLA

Jain, Akhil, et al. "Nationwide Trends in Hospitalizations and Outcomes of Pulmonary Circulation Disorders Among Patients With Cannabis Use Disorder in the United States.." Cureus, 2022. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22897

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Nationwide Trends in Hospitalizations and Outcomes of Pulmon..." RTHC-03927. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/jain-2022-nationwide-trends-in-hospitalizations

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.