Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women Are Equally Uncertain About Cannabis Risks in Pregnancy

About 40% of pregnant participants chose "not sure" when asked about the risks of weekly cannabis use during pregnancy, and CBD uncertainty was even higher.

Goodin, Amie et al.·Medical cannabis and cannabinoids·2025·Preliminary EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-06564Cross SectionalPreliminary Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
N=261

What This Study Found

Among 261 women surveyed, there was no significant difference between pregnant and non-pregnant participants in how they perceived the risks of cannabis or CBD use during pregnancy. The most common response for both groups was "not sure." Focus groups revealed that participants saw cannabis as fundamentally different from alcohol or other drugs and felt legalization signaled safety.

Key Numbers

261 survey respondents (75.9% currently pregnant); 40% of pregnant participants said "not sure" about weekly cannabis risk; 52.3% of pregnant participants said "not sure" about weekly CBD risk; ever-use: 36% of pregnant vs 65.5% of non-pregnant for cannabis

How They Did This

Multi-method study combining a cross-sectional survey (261 respondents from outpatient obstetrics clinics) with five focus group discussions (17 participants total), conducted October 2022 to February 2023. Chi-square analysis compared risk perceptions between pregnant and non-pregnant participants.

Why This Research Matters

High uncertainty about cannabis and CBD risks during pregnancy, even among currently pregnant women, suggests a major gap in patient education. The finding that legalization itself shapes safety perceptions adds a policy dimension to the communication challenge.

The Bigger Picture

As cannabis legalization expands, the gap between medical guidance (which advises against use in pregnancy) and public perception (which increasingly views cannabis as benign) may widen. This study highlights the disconnect.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Convenience sample from a single geographic area. Self-report data subject to social desirability bias. Small focus group sample. Cross-sectional design limits causal inference.

Questions This Raises

  • ?What messaging strategies most effectively communicate uncertainty about cannabis safety in pregnancy?
  • ?Does CBD-specific uncertainty lead to higher CBD use rates during pregnancy?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Preliminary: convenience sample from limited clinics, cross-sectional design, and small qualitative component.
Study Age:
2025 study with data collected 2022-2023
Original Title:
Perception of Risks of Cannabis and Cannabidiol Use during Pregnancy: A Multi-Methods Study.
Published In:
Medical cannabis and cannabinoids, 8(1), 130-143 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-06564

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

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Cite This Study

RTHC-06564·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-06564

APA

Goodin, Amie; Varma, Deepthi S; Dhillon, Karamveer; Kaleem, Sahar; Dubare, Sonila; Jennings, Alexis; Goldberger, Bruce A; Roussos-Ross, Kay. (2025). Perception of Risks of Cannabis and Cannabidiol Use during Pregnancy: A Multi-Methods Study.. Medical cannabis and cannabinoids, 8(1), 130-143. https://doi.org/10.1159/000546312

MLA

Goodin, Amie, et al. "Perception of Risks of Cannabis and Cannabidiol Use during Pregnancy: A Multi-Methods Study.." Medical cannabis and cannabinoids, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1159/000546312

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Perception of Risks of Cannabis and Cannabidiol Use during P..." RTHC-06564. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/goodin-2025-perception-of-risks-of

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.