Marijuana Use Among Ugandan School Adolescents Linked to Male Sex and Mental Health History

Among 1,833 Ugandan secondary school students, 2.6% reported significant marijuana use, with male sex and mental illness history as the strongest predictors.

Bing, Wentrell et al.·BMC public health·2025·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-06066Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=46

What This Study Found

Male adolescents had 2.2 times the odds of marijuana use compared to females (AOR 2.21). Having a history of mental illness nearly tripled the odds (AOR 2.87). Urban school attendance more than doubled the odds of substance-related impairment (AOR 2.37).

Key Numbers

2.6% marijuana use prevalence (n=46 of 1,833); 3.0% alcohol; 1.7% tobacco; 6.2% any substance impairment; mean age 15.1 years; 60% female; male sex AOR 2.21 for marijuana; mental illness history AOR 2.87 for marijuana, 2.69 for alcohol

How They Did This

Cross-sectional survey of 1,833 adolescents aged 10-18 from eight secondary schools in two Ugandan districts, using the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5. Schools were stratified by ownership and geographic setting. Logistic regression identified independent predictors.

Why This Research Matters

Most adolescent substance use research comes from high-income countries. This large study from Uganda provides data on cannabis use patterns in a context where legalization debates are less prominent but adolescent vulnerability remains a concern.

The Bigger Picture

The finding that mental illness history nearly triples marijuana use risk among Ugandan adolescents mirrors patterns seen globally, suggesting that mental health support in schools could be a key intervention point regardless of cultural context.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cross-sectional design cannot determine causation, convenience sampling from only two districts, self-report measures subject to social desirability bias, relatively low prevalence limits statistical power for subgroup analyses

Questions This Raises

  • ?Would similar patterns appear in out-of-school Ugandan youth?
  • ?Does the mental health-marijuana association reflect self-medication or shared vulnerability?
  • ?How do urban-rural differences in access affect use patterns?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Mental illness history nearly tripled the odds of marijuana use among Ugandan adolescents
Evidence Grade:
Large cross-sectional study with validated measures and adjusted analyses, but limited to two districts and self-report data
Study Age:
Published 2025
Original Title:
Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol and substance use among secondary school adolescents in central and Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.
Published In:
BMC public health, 26(1), 252 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-06066

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

How common is marijuana use among Ugandan school adolescents?

In this study of 1,833 students across two districts, 2.6% reported significant marijuana use, lower than alcohol (3.0%) but higher than tobacco (1.7%).

What predicted marijuana use in this population?

Being male (2.2x higher odds) and having a history of mental illness (2.9x higher odds) were the strongest independent predictors of marijuana use.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-06066·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-06066

APA

Bing, Wentrell; Abbo, Catherine; Dickson-Gomez, Julia; Kiconco, Arthur; Odokonyero, Felix Raymond; Bobholz, Max; Shour, Abdul R; Kasasa, Simon; Kabanda, Richard; Kalani, Kenneth; Cassidy, Laura D; Anguzu, Ronald. (2025). Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol and substance use among secondary school adolescents in central and Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.. BMC public health, 26(1), 252. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25944-7

MLA

Bing, Wentrell, et al. "Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol and substance use among secondary school adolescents in central and Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.." BMC public health, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25944-7

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol and substance..." RTHC-06066. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/bing-2025-prevalence-and-factors-associated

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.