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Study breakdown

Young adults most impacted by legalization attitudes showed the heaviest cannabis use and most problems

Cross SectionalModerate evidence
The takeaway

Among 301 cannabis-using young adults in Los Angeles, those whose attitudes and behaviors were most impacted by legalization reported the greatest number of use days, hits per day, and problematic cannabis use scores.

Public health researchers, cannabis policy analysts, and substance use prevention specialists.

Young adults most impacted by legalization attitudes had the highest problematic use scores

What the researchers found

Three groups emerged: Impacted (n=113), Partially-Impacted (n=131), and Neutral (n=57). Impacted individuals reported the most recent days of use, highest number of hits per day, and highest problematic use scores. Medical cannabis patients were more likely to be Neutral, while recreational users were more likely to be Impacted.

Why it matters

This study shows that attitudes toward legalization were not just opinions but were associated with actual use patterns and problem severity, providing an early look at how policy changes shape behavior.

The numbers in context

Sample: 301 young adults. Three classes: Impacted (113), Partially-Impacted (131), Neutral (57). Impacted group had highest use days, hits/day, and problematic use scores.

How the study worked

Cross-sectional survey of 301 cannabis-using young adults in Los Angeles, interviewed 2017-2018 (after recreational legalization, through early retail sales). Used latent class analysis to identify groups based on attitudes about legalization impact, with cannabis practices and problematic use as distal outcomes.

What this study cannot tell us

Cross-sectional design cannot determine whether attitudes drove use or vice versa. LA-specific sample may not generalize. Self-reported measures. Early post-legalization period may not reflect longer-term patterns.

How to read the evidence

Innovative latent class analysis with a reasonable sample, but cross-sectional design limits causal conclusions.

When this study was published

Published in 2021 with data from 2017-2018.

The bigger picture

Understanding how different subgroups respond to legalization can help target harm reduction messaging to those whose use patterns are most influenced by policy changes.

Questions still open

  • Do the attitudes of the "Impacted" group normalize over time as legalization matures? Would targeted messaging to this group reduce problematic use?

Common questions

Did cannabis legalization affect how much young adults used?
Young adults whose attitudes were most influenced by legalization reported the most use days and highest daily consumption, though the study cannot prove legalization caused the increase.
Were medical cannabis patients affected differently?
Yes. Medical patients were more likely to be in the "Neutral" group, meaning legalization had limited impact on their attitudes and use patterns.

Read the original research

Attitudes and beliefs about recreational cannabis legalization among cannabis-using young adults in Los Angeles: Impact on concurrent cannabis practices and problematic cannabis use.

Drug and alcohol dependence, 228, 109053

Citation

Wong, Carolyn F; Mendez, Stephanie E A; Conn, Bridgid M; Iverson, Ellen; Lankenau, Stephen E. (2021). Attitudes and beliefs about recreational cannabis legalization among cannabis-using young adults in Los Angeles: Impact on concurrent cannabis practices and problematic cannabis use.. Drug and alcohol dependence, 228, 109053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109053