Synthetic Cannabinoid Convulsions Are Not True Seizures, Mouse Study Suggests

In mice, four synthetic cannabinoids caused visible convulsions that were blocked by a CB1 receptor antagonist but not by the anti-seizure drug diazepam, and EEG recordings confirmed the convulsions were not accompanied by brain seizure activity.

Wilson, Catheryn D et al.·Psychopharmacology·2022·Preliminary EvidenceAnimal StudyAnimal Study
RTHC-04305Animal StudyPreliminary Evidence2022RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Animal Study
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Convulsant doses of AB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, and JWH-018 did not produce seizure patterns on EEG despite causing visible convulsions. Rimonabant (CB1 antagonist) blocked the convulsions, but diazepam did not. This suggests the convulsions are CB1-mediated motor events, not epileptic seizures.

Key Numbers

4 synthetic cannabinoids tested; 10 mg/kg rimonabant blocked convulsions; 10 mg/kg diazepam did not; repeated dosing produced partial tolerance; no cross-tolerance to PTZ-induced convulsions

How They Did This

Mouse study using NIH Swiss mice. Dose-response testing for convulsant effects, with pretreatment experiments using rimonabant, diazepam, and a CYP450 inhibitor. Separate cohort fitted with EEG headmounts to record brain activity during convulsions. Root-mean-square power and spike analysis used to assess seizure-like activity.

Why This Research Matters

Convulsions from synthetic cannabinoids are commonly treated as seizures in emergency rooms. If these are not true seizures, benzodiazepines (the standard seizure treatment) may be ineffective, and different treatment approaches may be needed.

The Bigger Picture

Synthetic cannabinoids remain a public health concern, especially in populations with limited access to regulated cannabis. Understanding that their convulsions differ mechanistically from epileptic seizures could change emergency treatment protocols.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Animal study results may not directly translate to humans. Only male mice were used. Limited number of synthetic cannabinoids tested relative to the hundreds in circulation. EEG recordings in mice have lower spatial resolution than human EEG.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Do these findings hold true in humans experiencing synthetic cannabinoid convulsions?
  • ?If benzodiazepines are ineffective, what should emergency departments use instead?
  • ?Do newer-generation synthetic cannabinoids produce the same non-seizure convulsions?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
4 synthetic cannabinoids tested
Evidence Grade:
Well-designed animal study with multiple compounds and verification methods, but findings need human confirmation
Study Age:
2022 study
Original Title:
Convulsant doses of abused synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists AB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA and JWH-018 do not elicit electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures in male mice.
Published In:
Psychopharmacology, 239(10), 3237-3248 (2022)
Database ID:
RTHC-04305

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal StudyOne case or non-human subjects
This study

Tests effects in animals (usually mice or rats), not humans.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Are synthetic cannabinoid convulsions dangerous?

Yes, they can be. This study found they are CB1 receptor-mediated motor events rather than epileptic seizures, which means they may need different treatment than typical seizures.

Why would benzodiazepines not work for these convulsions?

Benzodiazepines work by enhancing GABA signaling to stop seizure activity in the brain. Since these convulsions appear to be driven by CB1 receptor activation rather than abnormal brain electrical activity, the mechanism benzodiazepines target may not be relevant.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-04305·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-04305

APA

Wilson, Catheryn D; Zheng, Fang; Fantegrossi, William E. (2022). Convulsant doses of abused synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists AB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA and JWH-018 do not elicit electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures in male mice.. Psychopharmacology, 239(10), 3237-3248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06205-6

MLA

Wilson, Catheryn D, et al. "Convulsant doses of abused synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists AB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA and JWH-018 do not elicit electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures in male mice.." Psychopharmacology, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06205-6

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Convulsant doses of abused synthetic cannabinoid receptor ag..." RTHC-04305. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/wilson-2022-convulsant-doses-of-abused

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.