Marijuana Appears to Hurt Sperm Quality, but More Research Is Needed

A systematic review of 15 studies found that marijuana use was associated with adverse effects on sperm count, motility, morphology, and viability, though the evidence is observational and limited by small samples.

Srinivasan, Mirra et al.·Cureus·2021·Moderate EvidenceSystematic Review
RTHC-03547Systematic ReviewModerate Evidence2021RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Systematic Review
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Across 15 eligible studies, marijuana use was associated with reduced sperm count, concentration, motility, morphology, capacitation, and viability. Hormone changes in testosterone, LH, and FSH were also noted but could not be conclusively linked to fertility outcomes.

Key Numbers

15 eligible studies included; adverse effects observed across sperm count, concentration, motility, morphology, capacitation, and viability; testosterone, LH, and FSH levels potentially affected; organic sexual dysfunction also noted.

How They Did This

Systematic review of 15 studies (systematic reviews, cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and longitudinal designs) published 2010-2021, identified from PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases, with quality assessment using appropriate appraisal tools.

Why This Research Matters

As cannabis use increases globally, understanding its impact on male fertility is increasingly important for men trying to conceive and for clinicians advising them.

The Bigger Picture

While the evidence points toward cannabis having negative effects on multiple sperm parameters, the reliance on observational data from small, geographically diverse samples means confounding factors like lifestyle and other substance use could be influencing the results.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

All studies were observational; small sample sizes across multiple geographic locations; potential confounding from other lifestyle factors; no randomized controlled trials.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Are the effects on sperm parameters reversible with cannabis cessation?
  • ?At what frequency or dose of cannabis use do fertility effects become clinically significant?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Cannabis was linked to adverse effects across multiple sperm parameters including count, motility, and morphology
Evidence Grade:
Systematic review of observational studies providing moderate evidence, limited by study designs and small samples.
Study Age:
Studies published 2010-2021.
Original Title:
The Effect of Marijuana on the Incidence and Evolution of Male Infertility: A Systematic Review.
Published In:
Cureus, 13(12), e20119 (2021)
Database ID:
RTHC-03547

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic ReviewCombines many studies into one answer
This study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Analyzes all available research on a topic using a structured method.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does marijuana affect male fertility?

This review found marijuana was associated with reduced sperm count, motility, and morphology across 15 studies. However, all evidence is observational, and larger controlled trials are needed to confirm these effects.

Are the effects reversible?

The review did not conclusively address reversibility. Other research suggests sperm parameters may improve after sustained cannabis abstinence, but more study is needed.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03547·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03547

APA

Srinivasan, Mirra; Hamouda, Ranim K; Ambedkar, Baba; Arzoun, Hadia I; Sahib, Isra; Fondeur, Jack; Escudero Mendez, Lisbeth; Mohammed, Lubna. (2021). The Effect of Marijuana on the Incidence and Evolution of Male Infertility: A Systematic Review.. Cureus, 13(12), e20119. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.20119

MLA

Srinivasan, Mirra, et al. "The Effect of Marijuana on the Incidence and Evolution of Male Infertility: A Systematic Review.." Cureus, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.20119

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "The Effect of Marijuana on the Incidence and Evolution of Ma..." RTHC-03547. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/srinivasan-2021-the-effect-of-marijuana

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.