Bisexual Patients Had Higher Cannabis Use and Mental Health Burden Than Gay/Lesbian Patients

Among nearly 10,000 sexual minority patients in a large health system, bisexual individuals had significantly higher rates of cannabis use, cannabis use disorder risk, and mental health diagnoses than gay or lesbian patients, with bisexual males at particular risk.

Setrakian, Naira et al.·Drug and alcohol dependence·2025·Moderate EvidenceObservational
RTHC-07626ObservationalModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Observational
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=9,869

What This Study Found

Bisexual patients had higher odds of cannabis use than gay/lesbian patients (females: aOR 1.67; males: aOR 1.47). Bisexual males had greater odds of CUD risk (aOR 1.48), depression (aOR 1.86), and using cannabis to manage depression (aOR 2.44) compared to gay males. Bisexual females had higher odds of severe stress diagnosis (aOR 2.44) vs. gay/lesbian females.

Key Numbers

9,869 patients. 30.7% reported past 3-month cannabis use. Bisexual females vs. gay/lesbian: cannabis use aOR 1.67. Bisexual males vs. gay: cannabis use aOR 1.47, CUD risk aOR 1.48, depression aOR 1.86, cannabis for depression aOR 2.44. Bisexual females vs. gay/lesbian: severe stress aOR 2.44.

How They Did This

Cross-sectional analysis of electronic health records from 9,869 sexual minority patients (lesbian, gay, or bisexual) aged 18+ with primary care visits at a Los Angeles university health system from June 2020 to May 2023. Cannabis screening via ASSIST during annual wellness visits. Multivariable regression adjusted for age and race/ethnicity.

Why This Research Matters

Sexual minority health research often treats LGB populations as a single group. This study reveals important differences within that community: bisexual individuals, especially males, carry significantly higher burdens of cannabis use and mental health problems, suggesting they need targeted healthcare approaches.

The Bigger Picture

Bisexual individuals face unique stressors including identity erasure, double discrimination, and lower social support from both heterosexual and gay/lesbian communities. The finding that bisexual males with depression are 2.4 times more likely to use cannabis for symptom management suggests self-medication in response to inadequate mental health support.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Single health system in Los Angeles may not represent broader populations. Cross-sectional design cannot establish causation. EHR-based screening may miss some cannabis use. Cannot distinguish between medicinal and recreational cannabis use. No heterosexual comparison group. Self-identified sexual identity may not capture all sexual minorities.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Whether targeted mental health interventions for bisexual patients reduce cannabis use disorder risk
  • ?How these patterns differ in healthcare systems outside of Los Angeles

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Large clinical sample with validated screening tools and EHR-confirmed diagnoses, but single-site cross-sectional design limits generalizability and causal inference.
Study Age:
Published 2025, using 2020-2023 health records.
Original Title:
Cannabis use, risk of cannabis use disorder, and anxiety and depression among bisexual patients: A comparative study of sex and sexual identity differences in a large health system.
Published In:
Drug and alcohol dependence, 274, 112762 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-07626

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Watches what happens naturally without intervening.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do bisexual individuals have higher cannabis use than gay or lesbian people?

Bisexual people face unique stressors known as 'bisexual minority stress,' including identity invalidation from both straight and gay communities, which may increase both mental health burden and substance use as a coping mechanism.

Is using cannabis for depression effective?

While some people report short-term mood relief, evidence suggests cannabis may worsen depression over time and can interfere with conventional depression treatments. The high rate of cannabis use for depression management among bisexual males highlights a potential gap in accessible mental health care.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-07626·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-07626

APA

Setrakian, Naira; Gelberg, Lillian; Koerber, Julia; Chung, Un Young; Akabike, Whitney N; Gorbach, Pamina M; Seamans, Marissa J; Shoptaw, Steven; Cerezo, Alison; Javanbakht, Marjan. (2025). Cannabis use, risk of cannabis use disorder, and anxiety and depression among bisexual patients: A comparative study of sex and sexual identity differences in a large health system.. Drug and alcohol dependence, 274, 112762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112762

MLA

Setrakian, Naira, et al. "Cannabis use, risk of cannabis use disorder, and anxiety and depression among bisexual patients: A comparative study of sex and sexual identity differences in a large health system.." Drug and alcohol dependence, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112762

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Cannabis use, risk of cannabis use disorder, and anxiety and..." RTHC-07626. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/setrakian-2025-cannabis-use-risk-of

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.