Browse more cannabis research, findings, methods, and limitations.
In regular cannabis smokers, nabilone showed more dose-related and sustained effects than dronabinol, supporting its potential as a cannabis dependence medication.
Review detailed how enzyme-specific inhibitors revealed different roles for anandamide and 2-AG in pain, anxiety, and addiction, guiding therapeutic development.
Cannabis-dependent veterans with PTSD used cannabis more for coping, experienced worse withdrawal, and had stronger cravings than veterans without PTSD.
Among 100 veterans attempting to quit cannabis, positive beliefs about cannabis effects predicted use, lapse, and relapse, while negative beliefs had limited impact.
Review found medical cannabis has the best evidence for pain and spasticity, with dizziness as the most common side effect and adolescent psychosis risk as the main safety concern.
Schizophrenia patients with cannabis abuse showed better emotional memory and more preserved prefrontal brain activity than non-using patients.
The pesticide chlorpyrifos persistently elevated brain endocannabinoid levels in developing rats, even at the lowest dose tested, through enzyme inhibition.
Cannabis cues increased craving and activated memory and emotion brain regions, but the brain-craving relationship habituated after the first exposure.
Among 385 adults who tried to quit cannabis without treatment, self-image, health, and legal motivations predicted better outcomes, with gender differences in motivation.
THC impaired memory through COX-2 enzyme induction, and blocking COX-2 eliminated cognitive side effects while preserving THC's Alzheimer's benefits in mice.
Review described multiple cannabinoid pain-relief mechanisms, including CB2 agonists without psychoactive effects and a novel endocannabinoid circuit in the midbrain.
Among 54 South African border war veterans, 33% had PTSD, and current cannabis use was the only substance significantly linked to PTSD despite high resilience.
Quetiapine improved sleep and appetite during cannabis withdrawal but increased craving and use during the relapse phase, disqualifying it as a dependence treatment.
Review found adolescent cannabis use predicts anxiety, depression, and psychosis more strongly than adult use, with earlier initiation increasing risk.
Hypothesis paper proposed PEA, a natural fatty acid with endocannabinoid properties, as a potential treatment for cannabis dependence and withdrawal.
Females often show stronger cannabinoid effects. Estradiol is a leading explanation in animals, while human evidence remains mixed.
PCP users showed significantly higher rates of intimate partner violence and legal problems compared to cannabis-only and alcohol/cannabis polysubstance users.
Review found growing preclinical evidence for cannabinoid anticancer effects across multiple cancer types, but contradictory results and unclear mechanisms limit conclusions.
A 19-year-old heavy cannabis user showed no withdrawal, anxiety, or dissociative symptoms during 10 days of CBD treatment for cannabis withdrawal syndrome.
Abstinent adolescents with past cannabis use disorder showed abnormal brain patterns during risk-taking and reward processing that persisted after treatment.
A 24-year-old soccer player with heavy cannabis use and no other risk factors had a heart attack during exercise due to a blocked coronary artery.
Chronic cannabinoid treatment in monkeys caused up to 250-fold tolerance and cross-tolerance with methamphetamine and dopamine D2 drugs.
Eight-year study of 67,000 Nevada teens found marijuana use had a larger negative impact on dental health than tobacco, increasing cavity prevalence and severity.
Pre-treatment with 600 mg CBD reduced THC-induced paranoia (OR=0.22) and eliminated memory impairment (-0.4% vs. -10.6% decline) in healthy volunteers.
Trait impulsivity in 385 bipolar patients was strongly linked to cannabis misuse (p<0.0001), alcohol misuse, rapid cycling, and mixed episodes, but not suicide.
Children of substance-using parents showed reduced error-processing brain activity even before any cannabis use, suggesting an inherited vulnerability marker.
Adolescent cannabis users showed increased self-reflection brain activity when hearing their own motivational statements, and this predicted less use one month later.
Ontario surveys found 15.5% of students and 5.9% of adults reported prescription opioid misuse, with cannabis use predicting misuse in male adults.
Review of marijuana poisoning in dogs found most cases resolve with supportive care, but concentrated THC edibles pose serious risks with reported fatalities.
Topical THC reduced allergic skin inflammation in mice by suppressing immune signaling, working independently of the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors.
In 1,103 French youth followed 18 years, childhood attention problems predicted adult tobacco and cocaine use, while early cannabis exposure predicted all substance outcomes.
Tobacco smokers were 19 times more likely to relapse to marijuana in a lab setting, but tobacco's direct effects did not explain this, suggesting shared vulnerability.
Nabilone (6-8 mg/day) reduced both marijuana withdrawal symptoms and self-administration in the relapse phase, with low abuse potential and once-daily dosing.
Six ER patients after Spice use showed tachycardia, seizures, and hallucinations, highlighting that synthetic cannabinoids are more dangerous than natural cannabis.
A case study using on-off-on-off cycles found cannabis and cigarette use decreased during micronutrient supplementation and resumed when supplements stopped.
Among 80 adolescents with bipolar disorder and cannabis use, 49% were heavy tobacco smokers and 70% were nicotine dependent, with smoking marking greater severity.
Among 72 cannabis-dependent veterans, impulsivity correlated with craving and earlier cannabis use onset but did not predict quit success over 6 months.
A case of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome unresponsive to standard antiemetics improved significantly with haloperidol, suggesting a new treatment option.
CB2 cannabinoid receptors were required for nicotine reward but not withdrawal in mice, with an opposite role for cocaine reward, revealing substance-specific effects.
Long-term THC/CBD spray for cancer pain showed sustained relief without dose escalation or tolerance, with improved sleep, pain, and fatigue scores.
Low-dose MAGL inhibitor maintained pain relief and stomach protection without causing CB1 tolerance or dependence, unlike high doses which caused both.
Male mice with BDNF deficiency became hypersensitive to cannabinoid effects on sensory gating after chronic young-adult cannabinoid exposure, with increased CB1 receptors in nucleus accumbens.
THC and CBD suppressed the autoimmune Th17 response (IL-17, IL-6) while CBD boosted anti-inflammatory IL-10, through a novel receptor-independent mechanism.
THC/CBD spray for MS pain failed its primary endpoint at 14 weeks (50% vs 45% placebo), but withdrawal showed clear benefit: 57% lost control on placebo vs 24% on spray.
Oral fluid testing distinguished Sativex use (high CBD/THC ratios) from oral THC and smoked cannabis, enabling medication compliance monitoring and relapse detection.
Oral fluid THC varied up to 350-fold due to smoking contamination, while the THCCOOH/THC metabolite ratio was far more stable and reliable for drug testing.
THC reduced pain unpleasantness without changing pain intensity, working through the amygdala by disconnecting emotional from sensory pain processing in the brain.
In a 43,070-person U.S. survey, past-year mental illness was linked to much higher cannabis use and disorder rates, and to most of the cannabis consumed.
Cochrane review of 7 trials found limited evidence for cannabis/cannabinoid benefits in HIV/AIDS, despite regulatory approval of dronabinol for AIDS-related anorexia.
In 76 adults with ADHD, marijuana use correlated with inattention in men and poor sleep quality in women, suggesting sex-specific effects.