rethinkTHC Search
Menu
Study breakdown

Cannabis May Affect Depression Risk Through Epigenetic Changes to Depression Genes

ReviewPreliminary evidence
The takeaway

Multiple genes associated with depression are epigenetically regulated by cannabis or cannabis-derived compounds, affecting processes critical for neuronal development, functioning, and survival.

Psychiatry researchers, geneticists, people interested in cannabis and mental health

Multiple depression genes epigenetically regulated by cannabis

What the researchers found

Cross-referencing cannabis methylation studies with the largest depression GWAS revealed that multiple depression-associated genes are epigenetically regulated by cannabis exposure. This regulation occurred across diverse organisms, tissues, and developmental stages and affected genes involved in neuronal development, synaptic functioning, and survival, as well as genes implicated in other mental disorders.

Why it matters

This provides a potential molecular mechanism connecting cannabis exposure to depression risk, moving beyond epidemiological associations to suggest specific epigenetic pathways.

The numbers in context

Multiple depression-associated genes found to be epigenetically regulated; effects across diverse organisms, tissues, and developmental stages

How the study worked

Literature search identifying genes differentially methylated by cannabis/cannabinoid exposure from methylome-wide studies, then cross-referenced with depression-associated loci from the largest available GWAS of depression.

What this study cannot tell us

Hypothesis-driven analysis cross-referencing two data sources. The overlap of cannabis-methylated genes and depression-associated genes does not prove causal connection. Different organisms and tissues may not predict human brain effects.

How to read the evidence

Novel bioinformatics analysis connecting two lines of evidence, but does not establish causation or prove clinical relevance.

When this study was published

Published in 2022

The bigger picture

Epigenetic changes can be inherited and persist long after exposure. If cannabis alters methylation of depression genes, this could explain both short-term mood effects and potentially transgenerational impacts.

Questions still open

  • Are these epigenetic changes reversible with cannabis cessation? Could CBD, which has antidepressant properties, produce different epigenetic profiles than THC?

Common questions

Does cannabis cause epigenetic changes related to depression?
This study found that multiple genes associated with depression are epigenetically modified by cannabis exposure. These genes are involved in neuronal development and synaptic function, providing a potential molecular link between cannabis and depression.
What is epigenetic regulation?
Epigenetic changes alter how genes are expressed without changing the DNA sequence itself. Cannabis appears to change DNA methylation patterns on genes linked to depression, which could turn these genes up or down.

Read the original research

The Cannabis-Induced Epigenetic Regulation of Genes Associated with Major Depressive Disorder.

Genes, 13(8)

Citation

Mohammad, Guldar Sayed; Joca, Sâmia; Starnawska, Anna. (2022). The Cannabis-Induced Epigenetic Regulation of Genes Associated with Major Depressive Disorder.. Genes, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13081435

Explore the wider topic