21% of Elderly Cardiac ICU Patients Tested Positive for a Psychoactive Substance

Among 760 elderly patients in French cardiac ICUs, 21% tested positive for at least one psychoactive substance, with cannabis detected in 18% of those testing positive, three times less than younger patients.

Bouali, Nabil et al.·Archives of cardiovascular diseases·2025·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-06105Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Among 760 elderly patients (65+) in 39 French cardiac ICUs, 21% tested positive for psychoactive substances. Of those testing positive, benzodiazepines were most common (44%), followed by opioid medications (42%), cannabis (18%), tricyclic antidepressants (9%), and cocaine (7%). Elderly patients had 3-fold lower cannabis use than younger patients (18% vs. 53%) but 2-fold higher benzodiazepine use (44% vs. 22%).

Key Numbers

1,499 total patients; 760 elderly (65+); 21% tested positive; 5% positive for recreational drugs; cannabis 18% of positives in elderly vs 53% in younger; benzodiazepines 44% in elderly vs 22% in younger; 22% of positive patients had multiple substances; 39 French centres

How They Did This

Systematic prospective urine screening (NarcoCheck) of all consecutive patients admitted to 39 French ICCUs over a 2-week period in April 2021. Both recreational drugs and psychoactive medications were tested.

Why This Research Matters

Psychoactive substance use in elderly cardiac patients is rarely screened for and may interact with cardiac medications. This study reveals that one in five elderly ICU patients test positive, a prevalence that likely surprises most clinicians and suggests routine screening could improve care.

The Bigger Picture

The shift from cannabis to benzodiazepines as the dominant substance in elderly cardiac patients reflects generational patterns but also raises its own concerns, as benzodiazepines carry significant cardiovascular and cognitive risks in older adults.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cross-sectional urine screening captures recent use only, cannot distinguish chronic from acute use, French healthcare context may not generalize, NarcoCheck sensitivity varies by substance, 2-week window in April 2021 may not be representative

Questions This Raises

  • ?How does psychoactive substance use affect cardiac outcomes in elderly patients?
  • ?Should routine substance screening be standard in cardiac ICUs?
  • ?Is the lower cannabis rate in elderly patients changing as the legalizing-era generation ages?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
21% of elderly cardiac ICU patients tested positive for at least one psychoactive substance
Evidence Grade:
Large multicenter prospective study with objective biological testing; strong methodology but limited to French cardiac ICUs over a 2-week window
Study Age:
Published 2025
Original Title:
Psychoactive substance use in elderly patients: Insights from the addiction in intensive cardiac care units (ADDICT-ICCU) study.
Published In:
Archives of cardiovascular diseases, 118(6-7), 356-364 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-06105

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

How common is substance use among elderly cardiac patients?

In this study of 760 elderly patients across 39 French cardiac ICUs, 21% tested positive for at least one psychoactive substance through urine screening, with 5% testing positive for recreational drugs.

Do elderly cardiac patients use cannabis?

Cannabis was detected in 18% of elderly patients who tested positive for any substance, about three times less than younger cardiac patients (53%). Benzodiazepines were twice as common in elderly patients.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-06105·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-06105

APA

Bouali, Nabil; Benmansour, Othmane; El Bèze, Nathan; Trimaille, Antonin; Bouleti, Claire; Brette, Jean Baptiste; Schurtz, Guillaume; Lim, Pascal; Millischer, Damien; El Ouahidi, Amine; Gonçalves, Trecy; Gall, Emmanuel; Lequipar, Antoine; Singh, Manveer; Thuaire, Christophe; Piliero, Nicolas; Noirclerc, Nathalie; Andrieu, Stéphane; Fauvel, Charles; Florence, Jeremy; Delmas, Clément; Toupin, Solenn; Dillinger, Jean Guillaume; Henry, Patrick; Pezel, Théo. (2025). Psychoactive substance use in elderly patients: Insights from the addiction in intensive cardiac care units (ADDICT-ICCU) study.. Archives of cardiovascular diseases, 118(6-7), 356-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2025.02.007

MLA

Bouali, Nabil, et al. "Psychoactive substance use in elderly patients: Insights from the addiction in intensive cardiac care units (ADDICT-ICCU) study.." Archives of cardiovascular diseases, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2025.02.007

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Psychoactive substance use in elderly patients: Insights fro..." RTHC-06105. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/bouali-2025-psychoactive-substance-use-in

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.