Medical Cannabis Users Were More Common in Construction and Mining Than Recreational-Only Users

Medical and mixed-use cannabis users among employed Americans were disproportionately concentrated in construction and mining industries, though many initial health differences between user groups disappeared after controlling for other factors.

Rineer, Jennifer R et al.·International review of psychiatry (Abingdon·2018·Moderate EvidenceCross-Sectional
RTHC-01814Cross SectionalModerate Evidence2018RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Cross-Sectional
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

While some differences in health and work outcomes were initially seen between medical, recreational, and mixed-use cannabis users, several disappeared after controlling for health-related factors. One persistent difference: medical and mixed-use cannabis users were more concentrated in construction and mining industries.

Key Numbers

Nearly 1 in 5 US employees reported past-year cannabis use. Medical and mixed-use cannabis users were significantly overrepresented in construction and mining.

How They Did This

Analysis of employed respondents from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), comparing medical-only, recreational-only, and mixed-use cannabis users on workplace characteristics and health outcomes.

Why This Research Matters

Nearly one in five US employees reports past-year cannabis use. As legalization expands, employers need to understand whether medical and recreational users differ in ways that are relevant to workplace policies and safety.

The Bigger Picture

The distinction between medical and recreational cannabis use is central to workplace policy debates. This study suggests that once health factors are accounted for, the two groups may be more similar than different - except in their industry distribution.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Cross-sectional survey data. Self-reported cannabis use and medical status. NSDUH definitions of medical use may not match state-specific legal definitions. Cannot determine whether industry differences reflect job-related pain or other factors.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Why are medical cannabis users concentrated in physically demanding industries?
  • ?Does this reflect higher injury rates, chronic pain, or different cultural attitudes?
  • ?Should workplace cannabis policies differ by industry?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Nearly 1 in 5 US employees reported past-year cannabis use; medical users were disproportionately in construction and mining.
Evidence Grade:
Moderate - large national survey (NSDUH) with appropriate statistical controls, but cross-sectional and self-reported.
Study Age:
Published in 2018. Workplace cannabis policies have evolved significantly since.
Original Title:
Comparing medical and recreational cannabis use among employees: associations with health and work-related outcomes.
Published In:
International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England), 30(3), 268-276 (2018)
Database ID:
RTHC-01814

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

A snapshot of a population at one point in time.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Do medical and recreational cannabis users differ as employees?

This study found that initial differences in health and work outcomes mostly disappeared after controlling for health-related factors. The main persistent difference was that medical users were more concentrated in construction and mining industries.

How common is cannabis use among workers?

Nearly one in five US employees reported past-year cannabis use according to this national survey data, making it a significant workplace consideration as legalization expands.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-01814·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-01814

APA

Rineer, Jennifer R; Duhart Clarke, Sarah; Cluff, Laurie A; Peiper, Nicholas C. (2018). Comparing medical and recreational cannabis use among employees: associations with health and work-related outcomes.. International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England), 30(3), 268-276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1465397

MLA

Rineer, Jennifer R, et al. "Comparing medical and recreational cannabis use among employees: associations with health and work-related outcomes.." International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1465397

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Comparing medical and recreational cannabis use among employ..." RTHC-01814. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/rineer-2018-comparing-medical-and-recreational

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.