E-cigarette and other substance use predicted which teens started vaping marijuana

Among US adolescents, current e-cigarette use, cigarette use, other marijuana use, and alcohol use all independently predicted initiating marijuana vaping.

Lee, Juhan et al.·Drug and alcohol dependence·2021·Strong EvidenceLongitudinal Cohort
RTHC-03283Longitudinal CohortStrong Evidence2021RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Longitudinal Cohort
Evidence
Strong Evidence
Sample
N=7,821

What This Study Found

Adolescents who already used other marijuana products had nearly 8 times the odds of initiating marijuana vaping, while e-cigarette users had about twice the odds.

Key Numbers

7,821 adolescents; other marijuana use aOR = 7.78; ENDS use aOR = 2.16; cigarettes aOR = 2.65; alcohol aOR = 1.98; vaping peers aOR = 2.31

How They Did This

Researchers analyzed data from 7,821 adolescents across Waves 3 and 4 of the PATH Study (2015-2018), using multivariable logistic regression to identify baseline predictors of marijuana vaping initiation among those who had never vaped marijuana at Wave 3.

Why This Research Matters

Marijuana vaping exposes youth to higher THC concentrations and has been linked to vaping-related lung injuries. Identifying which teens are most likely to start helps target prevention efforts.

The Bigger Picture

This study underscores how substance use rarely happens in isolation. Teens who used any substance were substantially more likely to add marijuana vaping to their repertoire, suggesting gateway-style patterns of escalation.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Self-reported data subject to recall and social desirability bias. Data from 2015-2018 may not reflect current patterns. Cannot establish causation from observational data.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Have risk factors shifted since the EVALI outbreak?
  • ?Do interventions targeting e-cigarette use also reduce marijuana vaping initiation?
  • ?What role does THC potency play in sustaining use after initiation?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
7.78x higher odds of marijuana vaping initiation among teens already using other marijuana products
Evidence Grade:
Large nationally representative longitudinal cohort with multivariable modeling and temporal ordering of exposures and outcomes.
Study Age:
Published in 2021 using PATH data from 2015-2018.
Original Title:
Predictors of vaping marijuana initiation among US adolescents: Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study Wave 3 (2015-2016) and Wave 4 (2016-2018).
Published In:
Drug and alcohol dependence, 226, 108905 (2021)
Database ID:
RTHC-03283

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-ControlFollows or compares groups over time
This study
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Follows a group of people over time to track how outcomes develop.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

What was the strongest predictor of starting to vape marijuana?

Already using other marijuana products was the strongest predictor, with nearly 8 times the odds compared to non-users.

Did peer influence matter?

Yes. Having peers who vaped more than doubled the odds of initiating marijuana vaping (aOR = 2.31).

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-03283·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-03283

APA

Lee, Juhan; Kong, Grace; Kassas, Bachir; Salloum, Ramzi G. (2021). Predictors of vaping marijuana initiation among US adolescents: Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study Wave 3 (2015-2016) and Wave 4 (2016-2018).. Drug and alcohol dependence, 226, 108905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108905

MLA

Lee, Juhan, et al. "Predictors of vaping marijuana initiation among US adolescents: Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study Wave 3 (2015-2016) and Wave 4 (2016-2018).." Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108905

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Predictors of vaping marijuana initiation among US adolescen..." RTHC-03283. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/lee-2021-predictors-of-vaping-marijuana

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.