Cannabis Use Disorder Linked to 2.4x Higher Mortality in Hospitalized Asthma Patients

Among 552,160 asthma hospitalizations, patients with cannabis use disorder had 2.4 times higher in-hospital mortality and 1.35 times higher odds of severe exacerbations after adjustment.

Sule-Saa, Samuel et al.·Cureus·2025·Moderate EvidenceObservational
RTHC-07744ObservationalModerate Evidence2025RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Observational
Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Sample
N=23,300

What This Study Found

CUD was present in 4.2% of asthma hospitalizations (23,300 patients). CUD patients were younger (mean 35.3 vs. 51.4 years) and more often male. Adjusted mortality OR: 2.40 (95% CI 1.62-3.55). Severe exacerbation adjusted OR: 1.35 (95% CI 1.07-1.71). Hospital charges were significantly higher in CUD group. No difference in length of stay.

Key Numbers

552,160 asthma hospitalizations. 4.2% (23,300) had CUD. CUD: mean age 35.3 vs. 51.4 years. Mortality: aOR 2.40 (CI 1.62-3.55). Severe exacerbation: aOR 1.35 (CI 1.07-1.71). Higher hospital charges: +$2,091 (p=0.004). No LOS difference.

How They Did This

Retrospective cohort analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2016-2021). 552,160 asthma hospitalizations stratified by CUD status. Logistic regression for mortality and exacerbation risk; linear regression for charges and LOS, adjusted for demographics and hospital factors.

Why This Research Matters

With over 300 million people worldwide affected by asthma and increasing cannabis use, understanding how CUD affects asthma outcomes has direct clinical implications for a large population.

The Bigger Picture

The 2.4x mortality risk is striking, though the younger age and demographic differences of CUD patients suggest possible confounders beyond cannabis itself. The adjusted analysis attempted to address this, but residual confounding remains possible.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Administrative database with ICD coding limitations. CUD diagnosis does not specify active vs. historical use or consumption method. Cannot determine if cannabis directly caused worse outcomes. Healthy user bias unlikely here since CUD implies problematic use. Residual confounding possible.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Does cannabis smoking specifically worsen asthma outcomes, or is CUD a marker for other risk factors?
  • ?Would edible cannabis users show the same associations?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
Evidence Grade:
Very large national dataset with adjusted analyses, but administrative data limitations and potential residual confounding limit to moderate.
Study Age:
NIS data from 2016-2021.
Original Title:
The Effect of Cannabis Use Disorder on Mortality and Other Outcomes in Asthma: A Nationwide Analysis (2016-2021).
Published In:
Cureus, 17(10), e94969 (2025)
Database ID:
RTHC-07744

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic Review
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / ObservationalSnapshot without intervening
This study
Case Report / Animal Study

Watches what happens naturally without intervening.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Is cannabis dangerous for people with asthma?

This study found asthma patients with cannabis use disorder had 2.4 times higher in-hospital mortality and more severe exacerbations. However, the study cannot determine if cannabis directly caused worse outcomes or if CUD is a marker for other risk factors.

Does the way you use cannabis matter for asthma?

The study could not distinguish between smoking, vaping, or edible cannabis use. Since inhaled cannabis would directly irritate airways, the route of consumption likely matters but was not assessed.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-07744·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-07744

APA

Sule-Saa, Samuel; Hein, Pyae Phyo; Sackey, Jeffrey A; Pinkrah, Daniel; Towfig, Muhanned; Akella, Anusha; Kotei, Rebecca; DiCasoli, Richard; Sherazi, Andleeb; Panigrahi, Kalpana. (2025). The Effect of Cannabis Use Disorder on Mortality and Other Outcomes in Asthma: A Nationwide Analysis (2016-2021).. Cureus, 17(10), e94969. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.94969

MLA

Sule-Saa, Samuel, et al. "The Effect of Cannabis Use Disorder on Mortality and Other Outcomes in Asthma: A Nationwide Analysis (2016-2021).." Cureus, 2025. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.94969

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "The Effect of Cannabis Use Disorder on Mortality and Other O..." RTHC-07744. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/sule-saa-2025-the-effect-of-cannabis

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.