Does regular cannabis use affect athletic performance? A systematic review says no clear effect

A systematic review of four studies found no evidence that chronic cannabis use significantly affects key measures of athletic performance like VO2max or physical work capacity.

Kramer, Andrew et al.·Journal of cannabis research·2020·Preliminary EvidenceSystematic Review
RTHC-02657Systematic ReviewPreliminary Evidence2020RETHINKTHC RESEARCH DATABASErethinkthc.com/research

Quick Facts

Study Type
Systematic Review
Evidence
Preliminary Evidence
Sample
Not reported

What This Study Found

Across four included studies, the strongest predictors of athletic performance (VO2max and physical work capacity) did not significantly differ between chronic cannabis users and non-users. Resting heart rate was the only measure that differed, and only in one of the four studies.

Key Numbers

Four studies included; no significant differences in VO2max or physical work capacity between cannabis users and non-users.

How They Did This

Systematic review searching eight databases for studies on chronic cannabis consumption and physical exercise performance outcomes, following PRISMA guidelines. Only four studies met inclusion criteria.

Why This Research Matters

Cannabis use among athletes is common but poorly studied. This review provides the first systematic assessment, finding no clear evidence for either performance enhancement or impairment from chronic use.

The Bigger Picture

Despite cannabis being banned in competition by the World Anti-Doping Agency, the evidence for performance effects is essentially nonexistent. The review highlights a massive gap between policy and evidence.

What This Study Doesn't Tell Us

Only four studies met criteria, indicating very limited research; studies were heterogeneous in design; did not assess recovery, endurance, or sport-specific performance; no intervention studies available.

Questions This Raises

  • ?Could cannabis affect recovery or endurance even if it does not change VO2max?
  • ?Should anti-doping policies be reconsidered given the lack of performance evidence?

Trust & Context

Key Stat:
No significant differences in VO2max or physical work capacity
Evidence Grade:
Preliminary: systematic methodology but only four studies met inclusion criteria, reflecting extremely limited evidence.
Study Age:
Published 2020.
Original Title:
Chronic cannabis consumption and physical exercise performance in healthy adults: a systematic review.
Published In:
Journal of cannabis research, 2(1), 34 (2020)
Database ID:
RTHC-02657

Evidence Hierarchy

Meta-Analysis / Systematic ReviewCombines many studies into one answer
This study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cohort / Case-Control
Cross-Sectional / Observational
Case Report / Animal Study

Analyzes all available research on a topic using a structured method.

What do these levels mean? →

Frequently Asked Questions

Does cannabis hurt athletic performance?

Based on this review of four studies, there is no evidence that chronic cannabis use significantly affects key performance measures like VO2max or physical work capacity.

Could cannabis still affect athletes in other ways?

Possibly. The review notes that recovery, endurance, and sport-specific performance were not assessed. Any effects in these areas remain unknown.

Read More on RethinkTHC

Cite This Study

RTHC-02657·https://rethinkthc.com/research/RTHC-02657

APA

Kramer, Andrew; Sinclair, Justin; Sharpe, Lara; Sarris, Jerome. (2020). Chronic cannabis consumption and physical exercise performance in healthy adults: a systematic review.. Journal of cannabis research, 2(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-020-00037-x

MLA

Kramer, Andrew, et al. "Chronic cannabis consumption and physical exercise performance in healthy adults: a systematic review.." Journal of cannabis research, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-020-00037-x

RethinkTHC

RethinkTHC Research Database. "Chronic cannabis consumption and physical exercise performan..." RTHC-02657. Retrieved from https://rethinkthc.com/research/kramer-2020-chronic-cannabis-consumption-and

Access the Original Study

Study data sourced from PubMed, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

This study breakdown was produced by the RethinkTHC research team. We analyze and report published research findings without making health recommendations. All interpretations are based solely on the published abstract and study data.